Timeline of Human History.pdf to see a copy of the timeline. Write your questions and the answers on your wiki page.
Assignment 1
Using your notes and page 4 from your online textbook, answer the following questions on your wiki page.
1. Were you born in a BCE year or an CE year?
2. Put the following dates in order: AD 2000, 3100 BC, 15 BCE, AD 476, AD 3, CE 1215
3. If you read that an event happened c. AD 1000, what would that mean? Type in the content of your page here.
Assignment 1 answers
1. I was born in CE year, CE1997(AD1997). I was born on common error, after cries.
2. The date comes in a order of BC3100, 15BCE, AD3, AD476, CE1215 and AD2000
3. In AD 1000, the building of castle castles started in Europe. It would mean that the period that includes knights is going to begin. So it started to develop and build lager houses and government that take control of it.
Assignment 2
Just like the questions you were asked in class, please create five questions about the timeline we used in class.
Assignment 2 answers
Q1. How many centuries are there between an invention of Burin and the last ice age?
Q2. What year did Columbus find America?
Q3. How many years did it passed from invention of telephone to invention of color TV?
Q4. How many decades has it been from when Columbus found America to color TV invention?
Q5. How many centuries did it pass from invention of paper in China to when money was invented?
Assignment 3
Human Origins-The Puppet Play ProjectResponse
Note you will have 3 class periods to prepare your plays. See Resources-1
Answer the following questions on your wiki page.
1. What were your roles in the 'Creation of a Puppet Show' project?
2. What Problems did your group run into?
3. How did your group deal with these problems?
4. Identify two similarities between all of the origin stories.
5. Compare and Contrast any of the two origin stories presented in class (at least one paragraph).
Assignment 3 answers
1) The roles I took in the ‘Creation of a Puppet Show’ was Zeus and Prometheus.
2) Some problems that our group went into was lack of practice and time making puppets. We did not have enough time to practice in class and we did not have time to meet outside of school.
3) Since we did not have time because of our schedule, we decided to meet at before school and practice.
4) Two similarities among all origin stories are that it all consist gods and they all come to a conclusion of making humans.
5) The two different origin stories from class are the Egyptian origin story and Chinese origin story. To compare these two stories, it had not started with a purpose of making living things. These stories just came to a conclusion of making living things. For example, Egypt origin story did not have a purpose to make humans. They had a story of god of moisture and air lost in the ocean and Ra sent a eye to find them. After he cried tears of happiness and that had became the humans. The Chinese origen story talks about a god that traveled to find friend but made humans. To contrast, the difference between these two plays meant difference things. Egypt meant to people to live a happy life because he made humans by tears of happiness. The Chinese means that it doesn't matter if you are poor or rich. We are all the same human. Work hard and you can be like rich.
Assignment 4
Please read pages 29 & 30 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.
1. On which continent were Lucy and other hominids found?
2. What is the scientific name of Lucy?
3. How long ago did Lucy live?
4. What was an important step in human development?
5. Describe and explain how these hominids are different from each other. Use the charts about the hominids on page 30 to help you with the answer.
Make sure your answer is clear and detailed.
Australopithecus
Homo habilis
Homo erectus
Homo sapiens
6. Which hominid are you?
Assignment 4 answers
1)Lucy and other hominids are found in the continent of Africa.
2)Lucy's tribe's scientific name is Australopithecus.
3)Lucy was living about 4.4 million years ago.
4) Steps that humans took in their development was Australopithecus to Homo habilis. It means handy man. Their brain got larger. Later on homo habilis evolved to homo erectus. It means upright man. They knew how to control fire. 200,000 years before homo erectus became homo sapiens which are modern people like you and me.
5)Australopithecus are called Southern apes. It was fond in Africa and it had fur all over her body.
Homo habilis are called handy man. They knew how to use stone and they had larger brain.
Homo erectus are upright man. They knew how to control fire and they use sharp stone to hunt.
Homo sapiens are wise man. They know what they are doing. They are people lik you and me.
6)We mordern humans are wise man, the Homo sapiens.
Assignment 5
Read pages 32-34 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.
Why do historians need archaeologists and anthropologists to study prehistory?
What might have been one advantage of wahttp:my.hrw.com/tabnav/controller.jsp?isbn=0030939674lking completely upright?
What kind of tools did people use during the Paleolithic Era?
Design a stone and wood tool you could use to help you with your chores. Describe your tool in a sentence or two.
What is a hunter-gatherer?
In your opinion, what was the most important change brought by the development of language?
Define the boldfaced words above.
Assignment 5 answers
1) Historians need to study the tools and the body of the the early humans. They do not do this job. The archeologists and the anthropologists do this job of finding artifacts and bones.
2) One of the advantage that of being upright because they know what is going on and knows how to do certain things like fire.
3) They used stone tools on the paleolithic era. It lasted 10,000 years.
4) This is for teachers like you. This is a very flat and a keen stone that you would use for punishment. Actually this is more useful than the hair shaver. It would shave students' head bold.
5) A hunter-gatherer is the early people that hunted animals and gathered wild flowers to survive.
6) In my opinion, the theory that it developed from relationship is right. It is also important because with relationship we can communicate easily with relationship in any time. Like us, they were developed in a purpose of relationship.
7) Prehistory:Before the marking of humans activities like when the evolution of the humans started.
Assignment 6
Use your online textbook (p. 40 & p. 41) to answer these questions clearly and completely. Please put your answers on your wiki page.
1. Read the paragraph in the Beginnings of Agriculture section on p.40 and answer the question (How could this discovery change your life?).
Read The First Farmers and Plants section on p.41 and answer these questions:
2. What is another name for the New Stone Age?
3. What kinds of tools did people make during this time? What do you think they used these tools for?
4. In the textbook it says that people during the Neolithic period could now make fire. Which hominid would this be?
5. When we changed from gathering food to growing food, historians called it the Neolithic Revolution. Why do you think it's called a revolution?
6. What is the definition for the word 'domestication'?
7. Using the map on p.41, which animals were domesticated in Asia?
8. Using the map on p.41, where was corn first domesticated?
9. If you were a farmer, how would your life be different than a hunter and gatherer. Give three ways your life would be different.
Assignment 6 answers
1. Ok, I will read it, Mr. Hurst! /How could this discovery change your life?
A: This discovery made them to grow crops and it means that they could have new lives not as food chasers but as food producers.
2.Another name for the ' New Stone age' is the Neolithic Era. The suffix ' Neo ' means new.
3. From the Neolithic Era, people started using tools which are made of metals. They used them for drills and saw. They might also used them for farming tools.
4.Homo Erectus first knew how to control fire. The Homo Sapiens knew how to create it and use it in many variety of tools.
5. It is called the 'revolution' because it cause the huge change of their lifestyle of getting food. They became the producer of their own food.
6. Domestication-to tame (an animal), esp. by generations of breeding, to live in close association with human beings as a pet or work animal and usually creating a dependency so that the animal loses its ability to live in the wild.(from dictionary references)
7. The animals that were domesticated in Asia are horses, cattle, sheep and goats.
8. The corns were first domesticated in North America.
9.The 3 ways that my life would be different with this discovery would be... First, we would not go out to gather anymore because you grow them.(we still eat food.) Second, We can control the amount of crops we get each year depending on the seed number. The animals and plants are there for certain conditions only. Third, We get a decent amount of crops every year. Not that we can control it, but that we get it every year.
Write 3 good test questions covering any of the topics we have studied so far.
Answer these questions clearly and completely on your wiki page.
1. What was the main difference between life in the Paleolithic period and life in the Neolithic period?
2. How did people's lives change as they began to domesticate plants and animals during the Neolithic period?
3. What are some advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture?
Assignment 7 answers
three test Questions-
1)What is the difference in the occupations during the neolithic era from the paleolithic era?
2)What kind of tools did the paleolithic people use?
3)What are we now, present? choose one of following.
A) Homo erectus
B) Homo sapien
C) Southern apes
D) Homo habilas
ANSWERS
1)The main difference is that in the neolithic period people could control and expect the amount of food through agriculture. It means they no longer spend time searching for food, therefore not like the paleolithic people, they could stay in one stabled place to grow crops and raise animal. It made them possible to develop their culture and art.
2)By domesticating animals, people use their label to agriculture.Also, they could get useful things from animals, like animal wool and meat.There was no need to go out for hunting and gathering in the wild anymore becasue they could produce it.
3)There are several advantages of agricultural life.They do not need to go out gathering and also they could spend more time on doing other things.
And with their product surplus food of the year, they can trade with other clans of people. They can exchange with thing that they need. The disadvantages of the agricultural life is that is you settle in an area and farm many times, the land would be dry and not very eligible for farming anymore. When some natural disaster occur, it can destroy everything. For example, flood, every plants would be dead. So, they do not have much food left.
The test preparation notes
the early people and their generation
Australopithecus- Southern apes
These apes appeared about 4-5 million years ago. Used stone tools and stood with 2 legs. Their brain was about 1/3 size modern human brains. Yet it did not know how to use fire. They gathered vegetables, fruit and hunted animals to survive. They lived in groups. There were many groups and they fought over the territory. Lucy for example, a Australopithecus that once existed had a great conflict with the wild and other group of southern apes. They gave birth to babies. The Australopithecus also had fur. They developed fur because they had to survive in the coldness when it is cold.they were closer to apes that time.
Homo Habilis-handy man
This kind of human was generated about 2.4 million years ago. They were called 'handy man' because they were wiser than a ape and knew new things. But also they were not as developed as modern humans. Their brain is about half the size of modern humans. They knew how to use stone tools properly. They used stone for scrapping, chopping and hunting usually. Yet they did not know how to use fire. They had fur, but not as much as the Australopithecus. They have less because they started building shelters that are warmer, so they were not many use of fur as Australopithecus because they did not have a warm shelter.
Homo erectus-upright man
This kind of humans could stand up straight and were very clever too. They used the stone tools perfectly fine. They started making them sharp to make it more better to hunt. They made things like hand ax. They also learned how to control fire. They how to use fire. They used it when it is cold and to cook foods. This kind of people appeared in Africa about 1.5-2 million years ago. They were smarter and clever than the Homo habilis because their brains were bigger than them. It is about the same, but smaller then the modern people. They moved out of Africa nas moved into other continents like Asia and Europe.
Homo Sapien-wise man
These people are people like you and me, now. They completely know the use of fire and can do other things. They did things like making languages. They developed it so that we can communicate with each other and express our feeling. Now we use different tools. Instead of stone, we use things like metal which are better tools than stones. Homo sapiens existed 200,000 years ago. we migrated around the world and spread ourselves out to the territory. Also we do not have any furs but a hair because we stay cozy in our homes.
Changes in life
Food Supply-Something that humans eat
Sheep are wild and they use to have horns for protection. Now most of them don't because people stay in one place and capture animals on one place. Instead they have wools which gives benefit to humans. Humans did not hunt much anymore. They produced animals and do not need to hunt. Also agriculture, people started to produce food and not go gathering much.
Occupations-Somethings that humans do in activity
When they were gather-hunter, they did not have much free time to do something else. Later when they started agriculture and capturing animals, they did not need to go out hunting and gathering. So, they had time to develop arts and tools. They started making potteries and other things for decoration and uses.
Population/settlement-When humans settled in groups
Because humans now did agriculture and captured animals, they did not need to follow them and move around. They settled in more groups with more people. They can make your houses more safe. They also decorated their houses with many things that are useful.
Resources-Something that people made to make for decoration
Humans made things for their own decorations. In the paleolithic era, necklaces were made with animal claws and teeth. Later on in the neolithic era the necklaces were more varied and obviously it was better. This things can decorate yourself. Or in the older days, it might be an object that was believed to keep evil spirits away.
Shelter-Somewhere humans lived
Long ago in the paleolithic era people just simple built a tent and called it a shelter. They did not have time to so it better because there were so much things to do to survive. When in the neolithic period when people discovered the agriculture, they had time to decorate your house. They made it stronger because they were going to live in it permanently. They put thing they needed in their shelter.
Technology-Tools that humans used
The tools that humans used in this period is stone. They made it sharper and hunted with it. First, they had rocks that was not that sharp to give much damage to the animals. Later on they got the way to sharpen it more sharper to give more influence.
Vocabulary
Paleolithic Era- Old stone age. There were not many thing that was developed in this era. People were still hunter-gathers. They used stone tools in this period.
Neolithic Era- New stone age. There were many changes in life and they started to agriculture and capture animals in that place.
Food Supply- The things that humans ate. Like animals and plants.
Occupation- The things that humans made. Like pottery. They were able to develop this in their leisure time when they had time because they discovered the agriculture and capturing animals.
Population/Settlement- When people lived in groups. There were group of people and formed a community.
Resources- Thing that people made to decorate themselves or other reasons that it protects them from evil spirits.
Shelter- The place that humans lived. They developed their houses in the Neolithic era.
Technology- Tools that humans use for certain things. Like stone tools that they used for hunting.
Agriculture- Thing that humans did in the neolithic era. When they planted seeds and got plants every year.
Domestication- When humans captured animals on a land to eat them whenever they want to. Animals change because of this. For example, sheep. Their horns were gone because they are no longer in the wild.
Assignment 8
Use these two videos about Catal Huyuk to answer these questions clearly and completely on your wiki page.
1. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk that surprised you? Why did they surprise you?
2. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk you knew already from class?
3. Jookie is a 12 year old living in Catal Huyuk. Explain three ways her life is different than yours. (Note: Simply saying you have cell phones and she doesn't is an unacceptable answer.)
Assignment 8 answers
1)Some things that surprised me about the daily life Catal huyuk were that they had places like house of dead where they keep the sculls of the ancestor instead of the whole body. This surprised me because nowadays we do not do this. People think cutting someone's even it is a corpse's head is an disgusting thing. An another thing I thought that was very surprising to me was curing people. When the women in the video got bitten by a snake, Uookie knew how to cure her. It was a quite interesting thing that they could cure someone perfectly with other things when medication was not developed. Lastly, I also thought the surgery was amazing. Using a stone to cut a someone head open is a very dangerous thing to do. However simply with a stone they did the surgery successfully. This was amazing because medication wasn't very developed this time. Maybe, medication was very developed in those days too.
2)Some things I already knew about the video are that the people lived in groups. Their population grew larger and larger. Second thing is that the people in Catal huyuk are Hunter gathers. Uooki discovers the discovery of agriculture later on. This the reason why the population started to grow wider and wider. THis also caused the settlement of people.Third thing I knew was that the people discover the agriculture. A man named Uookie did not discover it and he did not discovered by touching the soil he peed on and thinking that 'this soil is good~'.
3)If a girl named Jookie lived in catal huyuk, some differences that I and her have is that her community. The size of her community is different in size. Community that I live in is more bigger that catal huyuk. Also the tools the men of the community use are stone tools usually. However now we use guns and knives. Comparing knife and stone, knifes are way sharper than a stone. Third, trading things. in her community, they trade things material to material. However, nowadays we use money most of the times.(sometimes we trade by material to material)We buy material from them.
Assignment 9
Now that we are finished with the Early Humans unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about Early Humans. Please complete these sentences clearly and with specific details. Write the answers on your wiki page.
1. The single most important thing I learned was...
2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was...
3. What surprised me the most was ...
4. I would like to know more about...
5. The part that I think I will always remember was...
Assignment 9 answers
1) The single most important thing that I had learned was when humans learned how to domesticate and farm. I was very amazed by how their life changed in that time.
2)something that confused me or that I didn't understand was the occupations in the chart. I did not understand what they were doing.
3)What surprised me the most was when they people in catal huyuk just started to cut a person head open. I was also amazed that they can do this things in the past when the medical was not developed much.
4)I would like to know more about the humans generations. I want to know about what thy did. Homo habilas, not just the basic information, information like what their houses were like .
5)The part that I think I will always remember was when we did a project on human creation.
MESOPOTAMIA
Assignment 2-1
Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page.Use the links above from the Class Activity 2-1to help you answer the questions.
Event A: Food Shortage
1. What helped the human population to grow in Mesopotamia?
2. What does cultivate mean?
3. By 5000 B.C.E. what major problem did the farmers in the Zagros hills have?
4. Using the choices in the critical thinking section of the activity, what is the best way to deal with the food shortage? Why?
Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply
1. What two major problems did farmers have as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river plains?
2. How did they solve these problems?
3. Where did the melted snow that caused flooding come from?
Assignment 2-1 answers Event A
1) The great amount of crops made them a bigger in settlement because when more crops there are more people that can eat them.
2) Cultivate means to "prepare and use". (from Cambridge online dictionary.
3) The main problem that people in Zagros was having problems of not having enough land for farming and for settlement of people.
4) I think the best way to deal with food shortage is to move to rivers where would be fertile land. We can use mud piles to prevent flood.
Event B
1) The soil was hard as metal and sometimes there were too much water during the flood season.
2) They used canals (irrigation system) to control the water(not too much and not too less).
3) The melted snow came from the mountains when it melted it ran down.
Assignment 2-2
Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page. Use the links above from the In Class Activity 2-1 called Event C:Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System & Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities to help you answer the questions.
Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System
1. What was the first simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers?
2. How did farmers prevent flooding?
3. Over time, carrying buckets of water to the fields was too difficult. Please clearly explain how levees, canals, dams, and reservoirs were used to make life easier for farmers?
4. Which word means an extra supply of something such as food?
5. What could happen if one canal was clogged?
6. How did different villages take care of the complex irrigation system?
Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities
1. How did Mesopotamian villages help each other?
2. How were people, who lived very far apart, connected to each other?
3. What did many villages grow into?
4. What do we call the region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns? What are the people called that come from this region?
5. How could one city stop the water from reaching another city?
6. Why was it easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains?
7. What defense plan is best to protect a city?
Assignment 2-2 answers Event C
1)The simple methods that the farmers used in Mesopotamia was to get water with a bucket and carry it every time. They would have to do this about 1000 times a day then. P.S this was the dumbest idea I've ever heard of.
2) To prevent the flooding, farmers dug a hole which was called levees.
3) Levees was use to prevent flooding and it was also used to irrigate water to the farmland during the drought. Canals are man made water ways to control the direction of the water. Dams and reservoirs are use to block and store water along various parts of the river.
4)The extra amount of food is called surplus.
5)If one single canal was clogged, the entire irrigation system become destroyed. So to prevent this, they had to clean regularly to get rid of slit.
6) They clean the slit off the canal regularly since this is very importance because it can destroy the whole irrigation system. Event D
1) Mesopotamian villages were helping each others on canals and maybe by helping them during war or not attacked.
2) Villages from long away were able t contact with people because of the canals and the irrigation system.
3) The villages became a larger settlement of people. They grew into larger cities.
4) The name for industrial cities and towns are called Sumer(one of the most smart humans on Earth.
5) Make a canal that is a contribution so less water would go to the other city.
6)It was easy because they had canals that connected to villages to village and they can track them with it.(not sure^^hehe)
7) Making walls (two or three guards between them.Wall one- surrounding the palace, wall two- houses and home of citizens, wall three- the fields and farming land, wall 4- surrounding everything, between there is about 200 meters of space, where patrols and soldiers sleep and work.
Assignment 2-3
Please read pages 56-59 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.
1. How did the Fertile Crescent get its name?
2. What was the most important factor in making Mesopotamia's farmland fertile?
3. In what ways did a Division of Labor contribute to the growth of Mesopotamian civilization?
4. How might running large projects like the maintaining a large and complex irrigation system prepare people for running a government?
Assignment 2-3 answers
1)The fertile crescent got it's name because it's land looks like a crescent (not really^^) ans it is very fertile, between two rivers.
2) The most important factor in Mesopotamia is the silt produced in the place. Silt is a mixture of rocks and soil.
3)The division of labor grew in Mesopotamian civilization because people classified into parts and obs that they have to complete.
4)Running projects can prepared people for a government they need to think how to do this project wisely and discuss with each other. The discussion and the thinking may be the preparation.
Assignment 2-4
Using The Six Characteristics of a Civilization (see below), answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
1. Is Korea/ the U.S. a civilization according to the six characteristics explained in class? Provide one example from Korea/the U.S. for each characteristic. 2. Does a civilization, in your opinion, need to have all of the characteristics mentioned? Why or why not?
The Six Characteristics of a Civilization:
1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society.
2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change.
3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs.
4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others.
5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing.
6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples. Assignment 2-4 answers
1)Yes, it has all the characteristic. First it has an organized government. Second there is a good supply and the products do not change suddenly in the market. Third, there are people doing a specific job. Forth, There are different levels, for example in a school like a director and a principle which is one lower than the director. There are construction of buildings and there are religious system like Christianity.
2) Yes because this is an well organized nation and this is the way most countries are. However you do no need all of these. There are some nation that doesn't have all things like North Korea.
Assignment 2-5
Use your online textbook pages 63 & 64 to answer these questions clearly and with details on your wiki page. Make sure to look through the whole page in your textbook and the links for the vocabulary when answering some of the questions.
Where did the Akkadians live?
What was their relationship with the Sumerians like before the 2300s B.C.E.?
Who was Sargon and what did he do?
What did Sargon establish?
Define 'empire'.
Explain two examples why Sargon is considered a great leader.
How long did Sargon rule his empire?
What eventually happened to the Akkadian Empire?
Who eventually became the most powerful civilization in Mesopotamia again?
Using the picture of the City-State of Ur, what can you see in the picture that shows Ur was an advanced city?
Assignment 2-5
1) They Akkadians lived in the North of Sumer.
2) Ur and Uruk (individual city/king states) fought over Sumer cities.
3) Sargon was floated in the river and raised like a own child. Later he becomes the emperor.
4) Lead the army and defeated over many Sumerian cities.
5)Empire- COUNTRIESa group of countries that is ruled by one person or government (directly from crambridge learner's dictionary.)
6) He lead the first army that used bow and arrow and won over many Sumerian cities.
7) He ruled him army for 50 years and lived from 2334–2279 BC.
8) It fell apart after Sargon's death. However Ur and Sumer rebuilt it's strength.
9) After, the Sumers became the most powerful again.
10) It had a canal flowing through and a good protection system and the palace towards the middle.
Assignment 2-6
After playing the Trader's Circuit, answer the following questions in complete sentences on your page. You can copy and paste these questions into your page. Then go to the discussion tabs of at least three other classmates and make good quality middle school comments about your classmates answers to the questions about the Trader's Circuit game. You can make comments to your classmates like if you agree or disagree or comments about how good their answers and ideas are. Trader's Circuit questions 1. What part of the game did you like the best? Why? 2. During the game, how did you feel and why did you feel that way? 3. What part of the game was difficult for you? 4. In your opinion, what advantage is there to having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry? 5. What part of the game would you change if you played it again? Why? 6. In this game, was it better to cooperate with another player or to be selfish and try to get all the products/resources for yourself? Why?
Assignment 2-6 answers
1) The thing I liked the best was that we need to get the monopoly and we needed to trade with others.
2) I felt eager to make and monopoly and trade well.
3) The part when we needed to trade and others did not have it.
4) Jewelery is very valuable and worthy but I would have date because we can also make money from suger in the dates.
5) I think we can change the part to trading with money or a certain object that we can use to by and sell things. I would be easier.
6) A metal seller can buy all the metal from others metals can make yourself the only one with metals.
Assignment 2-7
Source: Read pages 74 and 75 in your online textbook Directions: Read the questions/directions carefully and write clear and detailed answers on your wiki page.
1. Read the "If you were there..." section on page 74. How will you advise the King?
2. What happened to Ur by 2000 BCE?
3. Where was Babylon located?
4. Who became the king of Babylon? When did he become king?
5. What is a monarch?
6. After conquering all of Mesopotamia, what did Hammurabi call his empire?
7. Hammurabi was a great warrior and leader. What other skills did he have?
8. What is Hammurabi's Code? What areas of daily life did the code cover?
9. Give two reasons why Hammurabi's Code was important.
10. What eventually happened to the Babylonian Empire? How is this similar to what happened to the Akkadian Empire?
11. Read the different laws in the Code of Hammurabi on this site and choose three that you think are interesting. Copy the three laws and their numbers onto your page. Then for each law, explain why you think it's interesting. You can write about if you disagree or agree with the law or if you think the law is a good law or a cruel law.
Assignment 2-7 answers
1. If i was the adviser of the king I will advise him to treat everyone equally when they break the law, whether they are rich or poor or royal or not royal.
2. Ur rose to glory after Sargon, great ruler's death. But they were attacked soon and lay ruined. Their power was gone and they were feeble.
3. Babylon is located located on the Euphrates River near what is today Baghdad, Iraq.
4. In 1792, Hammurabi became the king of Babylon.
5. Monarch- a ruler of a kingdom or a empire.
6. He called it Babylonian Empire after his first name.
7. He was also a good army leader and the person that could rule the whole Mesopotamia. He looked out to buildings and irrigation system and also he looked out to the tax system.
8. Hammurabi code is the 282 laws that Hammurabi made. It covered almost every part of the daily life.
9. The Hamurabi's law is important because it was thorough, but also because it was written down for all to see. It covered almost all the daily life of a person and made an organized and helpful government.
10. Babylon empire lost power after Hamurabi's death. Like Akkad, their power declined after Sargon's death.
11.
6. If any one steal the property of a temple or of the court, he shall be put to death, and also the one who receives the stolen thing from him shall be put to death.
I chose this code because I was impressed how well developed their law in that days. It means that they cared for the public property. Also I learned that they thought the temples and religion was a very significant to them. However I disagree because I think just that they flinched something whoever they stole from, I think it is too cruel to cut their necks. I think they should be put to jail for their life if they stole it from the temple. It would be about 10 years when it was a normal person.
15. If any one take a male or female slave of the court, or a male or female slave of a freed man, outside the city gates, he shall be put to death.
I think this was a bit funny and harsh.The slave actually might have the person to take them out of the city and the person would be innocent. Also if a person took them out on there own, I think killing him or her would be a bit of a nonsense. I think it would be enough to take half of their fortune away.
25. If fire break out in a house, and some one who comes to put it out cast his eye upon the property of the owner of the house, and take the property of the master of the house, he shall be thrown into that self-same fire.
Wow, killing a person by throwing at the fire. A very unique way to kill a person. I thought of it again and maybe a slave was trying to get the important thing for his master and then suddenly they throw him at the fire. He would feel unfair. I think we should see what he does to the end before we just starting throwing people at the fire.
13. (There is no 13th Law because, then as now, the number 13 was considered to be an unlucky and evil number.
Weird~~ What does unlucky 13 relevant with law??? Weird~~ everything here is all being killed and what is worse than that? Laws should be reasonable.
Assignment 2-8
Source: Read pages 76 and 77 in your online textbook Directions: Review Pages 76-77 and choose one of the groups below. Research the group you have chosen (two links are provided for each already) and complete The Characteristics of Civilization Chart for the civilization you have chosen. Write clear and detailed answers in the chart, on your wiki page.
Characteristics of Civilization
Civilization Name: Assyrians
Six Characteristics of Civilization
Evidence for Characteristic
Explanation
1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of society.
They had a very organized and a strong system of army. They first had this good trading system. Their strong army made them conquer a lot of land and their trade make them advance in "sixth characteristic of civilization.
explained in first section
2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change.
They had levels among their society, so there were people who farmed and fished. So there were food that is not likely to suddenly change.
explained in first section
3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs.
There were a strong army, so I believe that there were people that specialized on as a solider.
explained in first section
4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others.
They had different social levels because they had the king,Tukulti-Ninurta and other lower people that farm and fish.
explained in first section
5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing.
They had an advanced and organized army others too because they use to trade a lot. They also developed themselves by taking other people's property by force(other country)
explained in first section
6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples.
It didn't say much, but it had a Phrantasis in the first link page below Assyrians it said being more careful to the ancient gods, do I think there might also had an religious system.
explained in first section
Was it difficult to find evidence for the culture you picked? Why or why not?
Not really for me because it was all there in one organized text. But there were some parts that I couldn't find directly and had some problems with.
If it was for a archeologist who was trying to find the characteristics would be difficult because there are no evidence in land if the Assyrians were winning a lot of wars. I think it was all written down as a history in the language they used, which is not so easy to figure out.
ancient-egypt-map.jpg
Assignment 3-1
Sources:
Carefully read your online textbook pages 88 and 89.(Note: Make sure you scroll down on page 89 to see more information.)
Use the map above, the maps in the Egypt Resources wiki page, or your Scribble Map search function
Directions:
Your task is to label a map of the Nile River and ancient Egypt on your current Scribble Map. You must mark, label, or represent famous sites, cities, and other objects. Label everything carefully. (Note: Mark means use a marker, label means use a text label, represent means draw a symbol to show the item.)
You must also provide an image and a description for some of the labels. Each description must be at least three sentences long and must be clear, detailed, and specific. Your description should give us clear information to help us understand the item or place and why it was so important for ancient Egyptians.
1. Represent and label the Nile’s Sixth Cataract to the First Cataract.
2. Label the Red Sea.
3. Represent three mines and three quarries. Provide an image and a description for each mine and quarry.
4. Represent and label these historic sites: the Valley of the Kings, the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Sphinx, Abu Simbel, the Pharos (lighthouse in the port of Alexandria), the Bahriya Oasis and the Farafra oasis (include palm trees). Provide an image and a description for each historic site.
5. Mark these cities: Abydos, Thebes, Giza, Hermopolis, Memphis, Bubastis, Rosetta, Alexandria, Meroe, Khartoum, and Elephantine
6. Label these geographical features: the Western Desert, the Eastern Desert, the Nile Delta (include animals found here), the Sinai Peninsula, the Wadi el-Natrun, the Mediterranean Sea, the Gulf of Suez, the Nubian Desert. Include animals of the desert. Provide an image and a description for each geographical feature
7. Label Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt.
Assignment 3-2
Source: Pages 93 & 94 in your online textbook and refer to your river boat tour notes Directions: Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
1. Read the If YOU were there section. How do you feel about working for the pharaoh?
2. Eventually the Third Dynasty began in ancient Egypt. The Third Dynasty was the beginning of what historians call ............. . When did it start and end?
3. Explain how ancient Egyptians felt about their country and their pharaoh.
4. What were the responsibilities of the pharaoh?
5. What is best known about the famous pharaoh, Khufu? Can you name a specific monument built for him?
6.a Clearly explain the structure of society in the Old Kingdom. (Note: This should be a long answer.)
6.b. What may be some advantages and disadvantages of such a large segment of the population being farmers, servants, and slaves?
6.c. What did farmers do during flood season?
7. Clearly explain trading in ancient Egypt (what was traded and who they traded with).
8. Define the word acquire. Use acquire in an original sentence.
9. Using the drawing of Egyptian society on page 94, explain where Viziers would be placed?
Assignment 3-2 answers
1) It think I would be uncomfortable because if the pharaoh doesn't like it I don't don't know what he will do because he can do anything.
2)The people called it the OLD KINGDOM and it begin in 2700 BCE to 2200 BCE.
3) The people thought the Pharaoh was the most important person in the world and They thought he was the walking god, the god that lived on Earth.
4) He need to make everything perfect and prevent disasters because the people blamed the pharaoh when the crops died or people die.
5) He was famous for building pyramid of Giza. It was huge and the biggest of the THREE.
6)
A) The old kingdom lasted for about 500 years and the pharaoh were the god on Earth and someone and one that need to believe. So pharaoh was the highest person and the priests who take care of the temples were second and the business and craftsman were the third and the lowest were the slaves, farmers and servants.Pharaoh's jobs was to keep everything right and the priest were to clean and serve the gods. The craftsman and merchants were to sell things and get money. The slave and servant work for the master for their whole year and they were treated as animals.
B) The world would be unbalanced because there would be no one taking care of the world and earning money.
C)During the flood season and worked for the Pharaoh because they could work out on the fields.
7) There were trades in Egypt. There were trades between neighbor and there were traders that travel along the Nile to the south to trade. They traded metals like gold, ivory, copper... and other goods.
8) To acquire is to get somethings. So you try to acquire goods from a trade.
-I traded 10 pencil trying to acquire the pretty Eraser that someone else had.
9) Ther Viziers are placed in the Noble section were the priests belong
Assignment 3-3
Source:How to Mummify Nefermaat Directions: Go to the link above to mummify a body. As you work to mummify the body, answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
What are amulets and how were they used? Give two examples of amulets that were used and explain why they were used.
What happens to the body after it was mummified?
Assignment 3-3 Answers
1)They preserved the dead bodies because they believe will resuscitate in his afterlife.
2) They took out the brain and kept important organ in a separate bottle. This process is mummifying.
3) They have this love stick with a hook that goes through the corpse noes and into their brain.
4) The four organs were liver, stomach, lungs and the intestines.
5) The hearth was kept in the body to be used right away in the afterlife.
6)The natron is used to to adsorb the moisture inside the mummy. It is a kind of salt.
7) The Linen is a cloth. They used it to stuff it inside the mummy because it looks too plump.It was also used to cover the mummy around.
8) There are four amulets and they are things that were used by the pharaoh or it was a tradition to put four things in.
9) It was put inside the case and put in chamber. It was believed that it will revive for it's after life.
Assignment 3-4
Part 1: Go to this site and read about the different Egyptian gods and goddesses. Choose one of these that you would like to be and explain why you would like to be that god or goddess. Then choose one that you would not want to be and explain why. Make sure your explanations are middle school quality explanations. Part 2: Compare these Egyptian gods and goddesses with the Mesopotamian gods and goddesses. Did you find similar gods? Name the gods/goddesses and clearly explain the similarities? Why do you think they are similar even though Egypt and the Mesopotamian civilizations were different?
3-4 answers
Part 1: I want to be Aten because he was the only god remaing when the pharaoh, Akhenaten ruled. It is always be existing every time. I also found this god amusing because it is not the sun god and it is the symbol or the drawing of the sun god. The sun god is RA and since there were a god for just it's drawing, I suppose the Sun was extremely essential to the Egyptians.
Part 2: I think Egyptian gods are different to Mesopotamian gods because Mesopotamian gods haves gods representing a thing that you can touch and feel mostly like Adad the god of the storms. The are some gods like this form Egypt but not many. Their are animals gods in mesoptamia and Egypt have gods that rule and a like to an animal but there are no gods like Anzu a owl in Egypt.
Assignment 3-5
Read the information here about the three kingdoms in ancient Egypt. The problem with these three paragraphs is that each paragraph does not have specific details or evidence. Your task is to find specific details and evidence from our textbook for the information presented in each paragraph about each kingdom. Then re-write the paragraph adding the new specific details and evidence you found. Write the new paragraph on your wiki page. Grade each paragraph for quality:
4=outstanding work, detailed, correct and above the call of duty
3=very good work, completes assignment, is above average
2=completes assignment correctly, average work
1=does not complete assignment, needs work
0=does not follow directions, assignment missing
Part 1 The Old Kingdom (2700 BCE - 2200 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 98-100 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
Pyramids (definition, examples, construction details)
Workers
Importance of the pyramids
Part 2 The Middle Kingdom (2100 BCE - 1800 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-102 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
the difference with the Old Kingdom
what life was like during this time
wars or battles and who was involved
Part 3 The New Kingdom (1500 BCE - 1000 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-103 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
the causes of the growth of trade
what life was like in an empire
wars or battles (invasions) and who was involved
none Optional: comment for page history
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Part one: The Old Kingdom
Grading the paragraph- I would give it a 3 because it contains too little information but I think it is worth a three even though it lacks information because its information is clear and useful. It is strong because it contains the main things that is necessary for the writing. Also I was able to learn from the some interesting facts like the name of the time period, The pyramid Age.
New Paragraph- This was the special time period that existed from2700 BC to 2200 BC. These are when the pyramids were considered extremely important and essential. I was considered massive because this was where their ruler will be buried. The Pharaoh's tomb was a pyramid with 4 triangle shaped sides, the one that is most familiar to everyone when they think of the pyramids. And the first ones to built these massive buildings were built in the old kingdom. It began in the old kingdom from 2700 BC. One of the biggest pyramid, Pyramid of Giza was built during this time period. The pyramids were constructed with huge blocks of lime stone pulled and made my humans. They worked on this construction for about 25 years and it took this much time with 100,000 workers. This was to represent that the pharaoh was safe after dead a preparation of their afterlife. But these massive pyramid was easily spotted and robbed by tomb robbers.
Part two: The Middle Kingdom
Grading paragraph- I would this paragraph a four because it included all the information and I was able to understand the statement perfectly. I was able to learn a lot because it had various information on the pharaoh,art,army,organizations...
New paragraph- The Middle Kingdom or the Golden age starts from 2100 BC to 1800 BC and it differed a lot from the Old kingdom. In the old kingdom, the tombs were robbed easily by stolen and the artifacts were taken away. To prevent this people made hidden and secret chambers so that the robbers cannot reach to the chamber. Also in the Middle kingdom, Pharaoh's power declined unlike Old kingdom when the Pharaoh had the power. But about in 2050 BC the pharaoh's gained power again. In the middle kingdom, Hyksos invaded Egypt and conquered the lower Egypt.However Thebes drove them out and was able to rule Egypt once again. There were a lot of changes and improvement on many things like art, army organization, trade. People traded a lot things from town to town. Also art and culture improved ad their were more organized army system and other system of law.
Part Three: The New Kingdom
Grading the paragraph- I would give it a 2 because I think it lacks information and this time it did not have any details!!! I think I was able to understand better when there was more details and facts...
New Paragraph- The new kingdom starts from 1500 BC to 1000 BC. It was when Egypt was full of energy and power. It's army was strong and widened the territory in every directions. It took over Hyksos and later invaded Syria. One person that fought was Ramses the Great who had fought the Hittes fro years. Also it developed in trade and exchange system. The path way of traders developed and one more reason that trade was more developed because there were more useful mineral and resources in the new land that they taken. Their empire was great because trade and their land expanded.
Assignment 3-5
Read the information here about the three kingdoms in ancient Egypt. The problem with these three paragraphs is that each paragraph does not have specific details or evidence. Your task is to find specific details and evidence from our textbook for the information presented in each paragraph about each kingdom. Then re-write the paragraph adding the new specific details and evidence you found. Write the new paragraph on your wiki page. Grade each paragraph for quality:
4=outstanding work, detailed, correct and above the call of duty
3=very good work, completes assignment, is above average
2=completes assignment correctly, average work
1=does not complete assignment, needs work
0=does not follow directions, assignment missing
Part 1 The Old Kingdom (2700 BCE - 2200 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 98-100 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
Pyramids (definition, examples, construction details)
Workers
Importance of the pyramids
Part 2 The Middle Kingdom (2100 BCE - 1800 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-102 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
the difference with the Old Kingdom
what life was like during this time
wars or battles and who was involved
Part 3 The New Kingdom (1500 BCE - 1000 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-103 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
the causes of the growth of trade
what life was like in an empire
wars or battles (invasions) and who was involved
Assignment 3-6
Due Dates:
A Block- Tuesday Feb. 23
B Block- Monday Feb. 22
F Block- Tuesday Feb. 23
Task: You are to research your assigned topic from Egyptian history and create a video presentation using iMovie or Keynote. The video presentation should be 3-4 minutes and include the following required elements:
Introduce your topic to the audience and explain the importance of your subject in Ancient Egypt.
Explain and show where your topic belongs on a map of Egypt. You may have to be creative with this part because your topic might not be from one area.
Present 5 interesting facts you have learned about your subject from your research. Include dates and/or which kingdom (old, middle, new).
Include appropriate images/video to make your presentation clear, interesting, original, and creative.
Use your own voice for the audio part of your presentation.
You (and your partner) must appear in the video for at least 30 seconds as you present your information.
Conclude your presentation by restating the significance (importance) of your topic to history.
Use at least four different sources. At least one of your sources must be from the KIS Library Resources. At least one resource should be a book.
Cite any images that you use at the end.
Cite your sources at the end.
Helpful Hints
Follow the steps above in order. Your research will be first, then you will start working on the iMovie.
You will be asked to show your progress on this project in every class before the due date. Your progress will be graded.
Originality and creativity will be rewarded with a higher grade. For example, if you draw some of your images you will get a more points than someone who just copies images from the Internet.
Ancient Egypt Topic Peer Assessment
Go to our YouTube Channel and login using the username and password given in class.
You will assess your classmates' videos using the rubric for the ancient Egypt project and by answering the questions below. Each answer must be at least two sentences long.
Post your assessment in the comments section under each classmate's video. Please make sure you include your first name only or your comment will be deleted.
You must comment on four classmates' videos:
classmate above your name
classmate below your name
two other classmates of your choice
(Note: YouTube has a 500 word limit on comments. You might have to divide your assessment comments into two posts.)
1. How did your classmate make the video interesting and creative?
I loved how they put movies in and I thought it was great that most of all of the students put movies in. And also I loved how they put in story about the topic they have gone through.
2. Was it easy to understand your classmates presentation including his/her voice? Why or why not?
I thought some of the podcast very clear and audible. But I think for some the music was too loud that it actually covered the voice they have recorded. I was sad that I couldn't hear some of the information they have written.
3. Clearly explain two things you learned from your classmate's video.
I have learned about the actual topic the students did. I got a lot of information through the video/keynote. And also I learned soe idea for being creative. I know this is totally off topic but I have learned a lot about being creative looking at others' creative work. I think I could have inproved my project by making it more creative.
4. How could your classmate improve his/her video?
I think the classmates can improve his video because some video's music is too loud so I couldn't listen to their voice. I think I could have learned more information. Also I think it could have been better for others
Assignment 3-8
Now that we are finished with the ancient Egypt unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about ancient Egypt. Please complete these sentences clearly and with specific details. Write the answers on your wiki page. If you need reminders of what we did, just scroll through the assignments on this page or look through your notes.
1. The single most important thing I learned was...
2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was...
3. What surprised me the most was...
4. I would like to know more about...
5. The part that I think I will always remember was...
Assignment 3-8 answers
1) The thing I learned the about the Pharaoh and that the pharaoh is the most important person on Earth and considered the God on Earth. I think this was the most important thing because I got to know the importance to the ruler of Egypt and how much power they had.
2) Something that I did not understand is that the pharaoh had to be mummified in such a way that in some ways it was extremely disgusting. I did not get the part why they needed to do all this to mummify or satisfy them self of that theyx are going to be good at their afterlife.
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3) The thing that surprised me the most was that they went through 13 gates... I was surprised by the story. The story when the monster eat your hearth when it is heavier than the Hearth. I was surprised how all the Pharaoh had made it through without any problem.
4) I think I could have learned more about how the trading system in Egypt worked. I think that was the part when I struggled to understand. I think I could have known more about the transportation they used and where they met to trade some more.
5) The part that I always remember is the Mummification. We did a activity or a game on mummification and how disgusting it was!! I think I learn a lot from the game because it will probably stay in my head forever! I
Background
Mohenjo-Daro, which scholars believe means "hill of the dead," was an ancient Indian city located on the west bank of the Indus River in the Indus-Sarasvati region. The ruins of Mohenjo-Daro were discovered in 1922. The other Indus-Sarasvati city that was known of at that time was Harappa, discovered in 1826. Over time, thousands of ancient settlements have been discovered along the banks of the Indus River and the now-dried-up Sarasvati River. Most of these settlements are clustered around the Sarasvati River and include cities as large as Mohenjo-Daro, such as Ganweriwala, Kalibangan, and Rakhigarhi. The people of Mohenjo-Daro and the Indus-Sarasvati region belonged to what many scholars refer to as the Harappan civilization. This civilization was the late stage of a cultural tradition that dates back to at least 6500 B.C.E. The Harappan civilization included a variety of ethnic groups and flourished for 800 years, from approximately 2700 B.C.E. until 1900 B.C.E. Many archeologists and scholars focus on Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa when studying Harappan - or Indus-Sarasvati - civilization because they were the earliest discovered and thus most thoroughly excavated sites. Mohenjo-Daro was an extremely well-planned city that was similar in design to Harappa in the north. Both cities were approximately 3 miles in diameter, laid out in a gridlike formation, and were built primarily of burnt and unfired mud bricks. Like Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro was divided roughly into two areas: a fortress-type area, or citadel, to the west and a lower city to the east. The citadel was approximately 400 yards long and 200 yards wide, and it was built on a mud and brick platform that raised it 50 feet above the lower city. A wall surrounded the citadel and contained notches from which people could look out and defend the area. The lower city primarily consisted of houses. Archeologists have also discovered what they believe to be craft workshops in both parts of the city. Today, archeologists continue to excavate various areas of Mohenjo-Daro, and their finding help build our understanding of this great Indian civilization.
Day 1
For each geographic area of the classroom archeological site (A-H) on the map, locate the site, look at the placard and pictureof each artifact(s) and answer the question printed on the placard by filling out the "My Ideas" section of the handout: Notes About Ancient Artifacts and Ruins. You should have this completed from your last class.
Do not use more than 35 words in the "Archeologists' Ideas" box! This means you can not copy all of the text from the notes. You must summarize.
Step 2:Look at the picture of an artist's rendition of what Mohenjo-Daro might have looked like and answer the following Comprehension Questions on your wiki page (answers should be fully thought out and worthy of upper school).
ArtistsRenditionMohenjoDaro.jpg
1. What have you learned about daily life in Mohenjo-Daro from this activity? 2. Which aspects of daily life do you see represented in the picture that the artist drew? 3. In what ways do you think Mohenjo-Daro was like a modern city? 4. Why do you think it is difficult for us to know exactly what life was like in ancient civilizations like those in the Indus-Sarasvati region? 5. What do you think might have contributed to the decline of Mohenjo-Daro? assignment day2 answers
1) Just by looking at their artifacts and building, I could imply that they were highly developed in technology. they had public wells and buildings of of similar structures. I could also imply that they had highly developed art were they had statues of human faces and they made necklaces with pieces of woods that is hard to make by hand. Also some people have pottery which I can see their developed art.
2) I could see in the drawing that people traveled by animals, but usually through chariots and wagons. Also could see people trading and selling and buying things like in the drawing people by cotton. Also by looking at the buildings, I could see that there was a highly developed construction or technology.
3) As I read I realized and was suprized how Mohenjo-daro was similar to the modern word we lived. I found out that Mohenjo-Daro had an under path waterway system which is in our society too. Also I was surprised that there were transportation was developed through chariots and animals. Also there was entertainment using pins and board which is popular now a days. There were brick like structures in different weight. I was surprised that they had the money and the economic system that we use to sell and buy good.
4) I think it was difficult for us to see because 5h3 picture doesn't the daily life of people or how people lived. The picture is vague to see about the rate of wealth of people
5) In the picture there are a crowd of people. I think over population in such a small area had declined Mohenjo-Daro. Too many people can cause less for everyone. since there is too many people the economy could have gotten worse and even maybe there is too many people for all of them to be equal.
Directions: Look at the map above, read the text below, and answer the following questions on your wiki page:
In the 1990's, satellite pictures revealed an ancient, dried riverbed located in India's present-day Thar Desert. Geologists have identified this riverbed as the route of the ancient Sarasvati River. The Sarasvati lay east of the Indus River and generally followed the same course, originating in the Himalaya mountains and emptying into the Arabian Sea. Geologists believe that the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E. Over time, the once fertile area around the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E. Over time, the once fertile area around the Sarasvati evolved into the dry, hot desert that exists today.
Early Indian agricultural settlements arose in the Indus-Sarasvati river region at least as far back as 6500 B.C.E. Like many other ancient peoples, the early Indians settled by rivers. They settled primarily on the banks of the Sarasvati River as well as along the banks of the Indus River. These rivers provided the ancient Indians with plenty of water, and the land near the rivers was fertile and excellent for growing crops. The rivers also provided the Indians with a convenient way to travel and trade among themselves and with other civilizations. Archeologists have found artifacts from the Indus-Sarasvati civilization - such as carved seals - in Mesopotamia's Sumer. These discoveries have led scholars to believe that the early Indians traded with Mesopotamia, possibly by traveling in ships down the Indus and Sarasvati rivers to the Arabian Sea and then west to Sumer and other locations.
After the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E., the Indus-Sarasvati Indians moved to more habitable areas, such as the fertile banks of the Ganga river further east. Archeological evidence shows, however, that people settled by the Ganga River as far back as 5000 B.C.E.
Questions:
1. In what ways is your map similar to the one that you see in the map above?
2. What physiographic features can you identify on this map that are not on your map?
3. Why do you think settlements developed along the Indus and Sarasvati rivers? Explain with clear and complete details.
4. Accurately draw and label the ancient Sarasvati River on your map.
5. Why did ancient Indian people eventually migrate to the Ganga River?
Assignment 4-1 answers
1) The ways that my map and the map above is similar is because it contains all the geographic features that I have included in my map and it was labeled like the way mine was. It was colored and it had pictures (EX mountains) so that it was clear what geographic structure it was.
2) There was an extra river called Sarasvati river that was not in my map. And also there were pictures of mountains and color blue for rivers... that was not on my map, but which I could have included.
3) First it is between river which tells me that there is good, fertile ,wet soil. So there would have had abundant food supply. Second, it also has a flowing river that can cause trade with neighbor countries.
4)ummmmm. ok!
5) Ganga River is a great place for farming because of the Delta. Also since it had more con tributaries, It was better to trade with others since there were more locations that you can visit.
Assignment 4-2 Website: Indus Valley Use the website above to answer these questions. Write your answers in complete sentences with clear details on your wiki page.
1. What was discovered during the excavations of Mohenjo-Daro?
2. How is Mohenjo-Daro similar to our cities today?
3. What can we learn from archaeological discoveries (such as artifacts and city construction) in Mohenjo-Daro?
4. Give clear and specific information about how people lived in Mohenjo-Daro. In your answer, you have to talk about the artifacts that you discovered and put into the museum.
5. What do we know about the Priest-King?
6. What was the Great Bath and how was it used?
Assignment 4-2 answers
1) we found a sculpture of people and we found a necklace for decoration, a tablet with picture, symbol of a animal or an object, a model cart, bricks for housing, a metal plate.
2) Mohen jo Daro had many complex system of class and they also had the under ground waterway system!!
3) I can learn there were a lots of development in Mohenjo Daro like art, they made models, scultures, decoration and artworks on tablets. Also I could learn that there were developed in language and writing seeing at the tablets with symabol and writing.
4) By looking at their artwork and the decorations, I think people lived with fashion because they used decoration like necklaces to decorate themselves.
5) The Priest king is the person who is a representative of a group total religious people and in this case, he follows everything about Hindu.
6) I think the great bath was used for a religious purpose. They washed away their guilt and started fresh as a new life.
Assignment 4-3 Source:
external image pdf.png
Archeologists Ideas Mohenjo-Daro.pdf
Think about the activity we did in class as archeologists in Mohenjo-Daro. Using the source above, your ideas, and the notes you took about archeologists ideas, answer the following questions clearly and completely on your wiki page. Each answer should be at least two sentences long with specific information.
1. What have you learned about daily life in Mohenjo-Daro from this activity?
2. Which characteristics of civilization do you see represented in the artifacts you looked at? Explain.
3. In what ways do you think Mohenjo-Daro was like a modern city?
4. Why do you think it is difficult for us to know exactly what life was like in ancient civilizations like those in the Indus-Sarasvati region?
5. What do you think might have contributed to the decline of Mohenjo-Daro?
Assignment 4-3 answers
1) I think their life was very fashioned and well organized. I think it may have been the most comfortable city from ancient times. They had necklaces to decorate themselves, they had sculptures that I could inspect that there were high art. Also it would be labor for them because they had the waterway system.
2) I could see there was a highly developed art, science, technology by looking at the water system, handmade sculptures , necklaces, buildings from bricks... Also I could see specialization of labor because there was so much thing a man should learn to know all these things. I think there were specific job that people major.
3) There was something in Mohenjo Daro that is usually found in a very developed city now a days. They had the underwater system. This was high technology and organized thing and I found it surprising they had the developed technology to do this.
4) I think it is difficult to know because it there is not enough to make a solid decision about it. With the information given, it is always a theory.
5) I think some other neighbor country had put Mohenjo Daro to an end. They had invaded Mohenjo daro and had taken over with war.
Assignment 4-4 Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
1. What varna were you in during the caste system simulation?
2. What was your favorite part about the caste system simulation? Why?
3. What part of the simulation made you angry, upset, or frustrated? Why?
4. Do you think this system is fair? Why or why not?
5. Do you think a society should organize people into social classes? Why or Why not?
Assignment 4-4 Answers
1) I was the Vishuas, the craftsman and the traders and farmers that sell things.
2)The favorite part of the caste system is when the Brahims told us to do everything. I think it was a fun experience to be command and to follow.
3) I needed to do everything as the Bhramin say. I was frustrated that when we were punished and were forced to do 15 push-ups.
4)I think this is system would be fair if only "Hinduism" and "re carnation" and "Karma" exists. If you are born again and born in higher class when your Karma is filled.
5) The society shouldn't organized people into social classes because it is unfair and the people way down at the below are treated un like human. I am sad that even though you try so hard, you cannot be a better person off the limit of your social level.
Use the website above and what you have learned in class so far to answer these questions about the early Indus River Governments.
1. Why would having a central government help in planning and organizing a city?
2. Who were Rajahs?
3. What is a Guru?
4. What subjects were taught in school?
5. Who was in charge of the government?
6. Why did people look up to the priests?
Assignment 4-5 answers
1) It sort of like a place where it makes all the decisions to all citizens.
2) Rajahs are the rulers and the one in charge of a town or a city.
3) Guru are a type of a trainer or a teacher that stay with their student from age of 5 through 8.
4) Religions were taught in school and the religion is a huge part of the government.
5) The rajahs and the priests are in charge of the government.
6) The priests are the ones who make offering to gods, so people look up to them.
After completing yourUnderstanding How Ashoka's Edicts Helped Unify India sheet answer the following comprehension questions:
1. What are the main ideas expressed in Ashoka's edicts?
2. What are some of the ways in which Ashoka's leadership promoted unity in India?
3. In what ways did Ashoka's Buddhist beliefs contribute to the unification of India?
4. In addition to the edicts, what else might have contributed to the unification of India during this time period?
5. Explain how one of the edicts you examined could be catagorized another way
(i.e. instead of Buddhist Values it could also concern Justice)
Assignment 4-6 answers
1) The Main Ideas that is expressed in Asoka's Edicts are General Walfare, Buddhist Value, Security and justice.
2) Asoka's leadership was promoted because he made the general welfare for the goods of the people and the animals. Asoka made security by medical servies, Justice by checking if everyone is fair and judged equally. He also taught Buddhist value through his edicts. Since his edicts were for everyone and taught a lesson, it promoted his leadership.
3) The Asoka contributed unification of india by gathering people in believing in a specific idea, religion, belief from his edicts. He also gather some forcing in his early king years and attacked other kingdoms to make them his land.
4) He also unificated, belief and ideas and classes. He used his edicts to persade others into believing them into an idea.
5) I think the edicts can be categorized in as, Hounor for the things special treats or things that you are received when achieved something. Responsibility, things that you need to finish. Politics for government and law. Care for love and your safety.
Assignment 4-7
Source: Online Textbook pages 162-171
Directions: You are a sage and you will teach your classmates a part of ancient India's history. The four parts (groups) are...
Group 1: The Mauryan Empire (page 162-163, 166)
Group 2: The Gupta Empire (page 164-165)
Group 3: Indian Achievements- Religious Art & Sanskrit Literature (page 167-169)
Group 4: Indian Achievements- Scientific Advances (page 170-171)
Each part has (or might have) pictures, illustrations, maps, dates, vocabulary words, and important people. Your job as a sage is to become an expert on your part so you will be able to comfortably and confidently teach others. Remember that if you don't understand the information, you won't be able to teach others properly. Follow these steps to become a great sage:
Steps
Read all the information on the pages you are responsible for. Don't just read the main parts, look at the other information such as maps or diagrams or pictures.
Take notes in your notebook and answer the Reading Check question after each section to make sure you understand the information. You also have to answer the questions about your section from page 176 (section 4 or 5).
Decide how you are going to present the information to your students. Will you just talk about the information (this can be boring) or will you use visuals or give a slideshow presentation (this can be more interesting)? Remember that your students have not read the information and are counting on you to teach them in an interesting and educational way.
How will you check if your students understood the information? Will you make up questions to ask them? What else will you do? Will you ask your students to create something that shows their understanding? Think about how you are taught at school and the activities you do in your classes.
Directions: Read the following information about the Minoans and the Mycenaeans and then answer the questions that follow in your notebook.
The Origins of the Greeks
The Minoans:
Minoan culture developed on the island of Crete in approximately 3,000 B.C.E. Minoan palace murals (wall paintings) and painted pottery show us a great sea culture, fueled by fishing, farming, and local arts. The Minoans were master sailors and set up long-distance trade routes with Spain, Egypt, Canaan, and Asia Minor. Socially, the Minoans were an egalitarian (equal) culture, with both men and women holding respected positions in the fields of religion, agriculture, and craftwork. Recreation enjoyed by the Minoans included dancing to music and song, "bull-leaping" - and boxing, complete with boxing gloves and mouth guards. The remarkable peace-loving character of the Minoan civilization is obvious because they didn't have fortresses, war equipment, and painted battle scenes among the remains of their settlements. The Minoan civilization is historically important to Greece because it was the model for the Mycenaean (pronounced my-sih-NEE-in) civilization which is considered the earliest developed culture on mainland Greece.
The Mycenaeans:
Mycenae was settled in 2,700 B.C.E. Most of the myths about ancient Greek heroes and their famous battles come to us from the Mycenaeans. Later Greek poets such as Homer used these tales in their writings. The Mycenaeans spoke an early form of the Greek language, and developed an agricultural economy based on grains, grapes, and olives. Like the Minoans, they traded by sea with Egypt and Asia Minor. Unlike the Minoans, the Mycenaeans devoted most of their energies to developing a strong military. The circular royal tombs of Mycenae reveal collections of decorated uniforms, elaborate helmets, chariots, daggers, and axes. Horses were also extremely important to the Mycenaeans, as they were the vehicles of war. Mycenaean documents suggest that their society was hierarchical, with kings and soldiers in positions of power at the top of society, and prisoners of war who became slaves at the bottom of society who served the kings and soldiers. Other than artwork showing religious festivals and musical performances, very few artifacts of entertainment were left by the Mycenaeans.
1. What did the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations have in common? 2. In what ways were the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations different? 3. Why do you think so many aspects of Minoan civilization are found at Mycenae? 4. What other geographical areas, besides Mycenae, might Minoan civilization have influenced? 5. What aspects of Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations would you expect to have survived in later periods of Greek history? 6. Using your textbook pages 256-257, explain how the decline of the Minoans and the Mycenaeans was similar.
Assignments 6-3 Answers
1) They both farmed and they both were developed in boat making and going overseas to trade goods. Both of them were developed in paintings and arts too.
2) they lived in different parts of Greece. Minoans lived in Crete island and Mycenaean lived in mainland. MI was developed and known for good traders and boat makers. They were the best boat maker of the time. They did not spoke Greek so were not consider as Greece People. MY made a lot of fortresses to protect their Kingdom. They spoke Greek and was considered the first Greek.
3) Minoans were the models of what to do in the history of Greece. Maybe Mycenaean followed and copied many aspects from the Minoans in order to industrialize.
4)The Minoans lived in the island of Crete. This is an area when it is covered by water and needs boats and ships in order to travel far out. Minoans were influenced because you need a boat in order to travel far out. For Example poor people that cannot affords ships cannot go out on journeys. Mycenaean could have walked. Walking is always easier than swimming.^^
5) There were many things that could have lasted in later Greek industries even tough the Minoans and Mycenaean declined. Some could be advanced and strong army, developed art, good boats and trading systems and skilled farming tools and craft works.
6) Both of Minoans and Mycenaean's decline was from natural dizasters. When their people were suffereing from these natural dizasters, invaders came and attacked them.
Assignment 6-4
Do a search for three Minoan and three Mycenaean artifacts and draw them in your notebook. Check the information in wiki 2 for ideas about what to search for (Minoan bull leaping is interesting). Under each picture, write a one-sentence caption describing the artifact and what it tells us about each civilization.
Assignment 6-5
Athens Creates Democracy (p.264-265)
Democracy is a type of government in which people rule themselves instead of being ruled by one person like a King.
-500 BCE, Athenian leader Cleisthenes (KLYS-thuh-neez) develops world's first democracy in Athens
-At the Assembly, they discussed, debated, and, finally, voted on important issues such as changing voting laws or how to fight the Persians who wanted to control Greece.
Copy the following venn diagram in your notebook. Then, using all of the sources above, compare each polis by filling in the proper area in the venn diagram.
Scribble map pictures
Limestone-Gold-
Tin-
Valley of the kings-
Great pyramid of khufu-
Sphinx-
Bahariya Oasis-
Farafra Oasis-
Abu Simbel-
Pharos Lighthouse-
Western Desert-
Nile Delta-
Sinai Peninsula-
Mediterranean Sea-
Nubian Desert-
Eastern Desert-
Wadi el-Natrun-
Gulf of Suez-
Sumerian achievement comic
Egyptian comic
Document Itstlf
EARLY HUMANS
Click here ----->Assignment 1
Using your notes and page 4 from your online textbook, answer the following questions on your wiki page.1. Were you born in a BCE year or an CE year?
2. Put the following dates in order: AD 2000, 3100 BC, 15 BCE, AD 476, AD 3, CE 1215
3. If you read that an event happened c. AD 1000, what would that mean? Type in the content of your page here.
Assignment 1 answers
1. I was born in CE year, CE1997(AD1997). I was born on common error, after cries.
2. The date comes in a order of BC3100, 15BCE, AD3, AD476, CE1215 and AD2000
3. In AD 1000, the building of castle castles started in Europe. It would mean that the period that includes knights is going to begin. So it started to develop and build lager houses and government that take control of it.
Assignment 2
Just like the questions you were asked in class, please create five questions about the timeline we used in class.
Assignment 2 answers
Q1. How many centuries are there between an invention of Burin and the last ice age?
Q2. What year did Columbus find America?
Q3. How many years did it passed from invention of telephone to invention of color TV?
Q4. How many decades has it been from when Columbus found America to color TV invention?
Q5. How many centuries did it pass from invention of paper in China to when money was invented?
Assignment 3
Human Origins-The Puppet Play Project ResponseNote you will have 3 class periods to prepare your plays. See Resources-1
Answer the following questions on your wiki page.
1. What were your roles in the 'Creation of a Puppet Show' project?
2. What Problems did your group run into?
3. How did your group deal with these problems?
4. Identify two similarities between all of the origin stories.
5. Compare and Contrast any of the two origin stories presented in class (at least one paragraph).
Assignment 3 answers
1) The roles I took in the ‘Creation of a Puppet Show’ was Zeus and Prometheus.
2) Some problems that our group went into was lack of practice and time making puppets. We did not have enough time to practice in class and we did not have time to meet outside of school.
3) Since we did not have time because of our schedule, we decided to meet at before school and practice.
4) Two similarities among all origin stories are that it all consist gods and they all come to a conclusion of making humans.
5) The two different origin stories from class are the Egyptian origin story and Chinese origin story. To compare these two stories, it had not started with a purpose of making living things. These stories just came to a conclusion of making living things. For example, Egypt origin story did not have a purpose to make humans. They had a story of god of moisture and air lost in the ocean and Ra sent a eye to find them. After he cried tears of happiness and that had became the humans. The Chinese origen story talks about a god that traveled to find friend but made humans. To contrast, the difference between these two plays meant difference things. Egypt meant to people to live a happy life because he made humans by tears of happiness. The Chinese means that it doesn't matter if you are poor or rich. We are all the same human. Work hard and you can be like rich.
Assignment 4
Please read pages 29 & 30 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.1. On which continent were Lucy and other hominids found?
2. What is the scientific name of Lucy?
3. How long ago did Lucy live?
4. What was an important step in human development?
5. Describe and explain how these hominids are different from each other. Use the charts about the hominids on page 30 to help you with the answer.
Make sure your answer is clear and detailed.
6. Which hominid are you?
Assignment 4 answers
1)Lucy and other hominids are found in the continent of Africa.
2)Lucy's tribe's scientific name is Australopithecus.
3)Lucy was living about 4.4 million years ago.
4) Steps that humans took in their development was Australopithecus to Homo habilis. It means handy man. Their brain got larger. Later on homo habilis evolved to homo erectus. It means upright man. They knew how to control fire. 200,000 years before homo erectus became homo sapiens which are modern people like you and me.
5)Australopithecus are called Southern apes. It was fond in Africa and it had fur all over her body.
Homo habilis are called handy man. They knew how to use stone and they had larger brain.
Homo erectus are upright man. They knew how to control fire and they use sharp stone to hunt.
Homo sapiens are wise man. They know what they are doing. They are people lik you and me.
6)We mordern humans are wise man, the Homo sapiens.
Assignment 5
Read pages 32-34 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.Assignment 5 answers
1) Historians need to study the tools and the body of the the early humans. They do not do this job. The archeologists and the anthropologists do this job of finding artifacts and bones.
2) One of the advantage that of being upright because they know what is going on and knows how to do certain things like fire.
3) They used stone tools on the paleolithic era. It lasted 10,000 years.
4) This is for teachers like you. This is a very flat and a keen stone that you would use for punishment. Actually this is more useful than the hair shaver. It would shave students' head bold.
5) A hunter-gatherer is the early people that hunted animals and gathered wild flowers to survive.
6) In my opinion, the theory that it developed from relationship is right. It is also important because with relationship we can communicate easily with relationship in any time. Like us, they were developed in a purpose of relationship.
7) Prehistory:Before the marking of humans activities like when the evolution of the humans started.
Assignment 6
Use your online textbook (p. 40 & p. 41) to answer these questions clearly and completely. Please put your answers on your wiki page.1. Read the paragraph in the Beginnings of Agriculture section on p.40 and answer the question (How could this discovery change your life?).
Read The First Farmers and Plants section on p.41 and answer these questions:
2. What is another name for the New Stone Age?
3. What kinds of tools did people make during this time? What do you think they used these tools for?
4. In the textbook it says that people during the Neolithic period could now make fire. Which hominid would this be?
5. When we changed from gathering food to growing food, historians called it the Neolithic Revolution. Why do you think it's called a revolution?
6. What is the definition for the word 'domestication'?
7. Using the map on p.41, which animals were domesticated in Asia?
8. Using the map on p.41, where was corn first domesticated?
9. If you were a farmer, how would your life be different than a hunter and gatherer. Give three ways your life would be different.
Assignment 6 answers
1. Ok, I will read it, Mr. Hurst! /How could this discovery change your life?
A: This discovery made them to grow crops and it means that they could have new lives not as food chasers but as food producers.
2.Another name for the ' New Stone age' is the Neolithic Era. The suffix ' Neo ' means new.
3. From the Neolithic Era, people started using tools which are made of metals. They used them for drills and saw. They might also used them for farming tools.
4.Homo Erectus first knew how to control fire. The Homo Sapiens knew how to create it and use it in many variety of tools.
5. It is called the 'revolution' because it cause the huge change of their lifestyle of getting food. They became the producer of their own food.
6. Domestication-to tame (an animal), esp. by generations of breeding, to live in close association with human beings as a pet or work animal and usually creating a dependency so that the animal loses its ability to live in the wild.(from dictionary references)
7. The animals that were domesticated in Asia are horses, cattle, sheep and goats.
8. The corns were first domesticated in North America.
9.The 3 ways that my life would be different with this discovery would be... First, we would not go out to gather anymore because you grow them.(we still eat food.) Second, We can control the amount of crops we get each year depending on the seed number. The animals and plants are there for certain conditions only. Third, We get a decent amount of crops every year. Not that we can control it, but that we get it every year.
In Class Activity
Homework-Complete your Changes in Life during the Neolithic Period chart. Be prepared to present any of the Aspects of Life Effects to the class with your partner.Stone Age Aspects of Life Reading
-Mr. Hurst!!! I did the chart!
Assignment 7
Write 3 good test questions covering any of the topics we have studied so far.Answer these questions clearly and completely on your wiki page.
1. What was the main difference between life in the Paleolithic period and life in the Neolithic period?
2. How did people's lives change as they began to domesticate plants and animals during the Neolithic period?
3. What are some advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture?
Assignment 7 answers
three test Questions-
1)What is the difference in the occupations during the neolithic era from the paleolithic era?
2)What kind of tools did the paleolithic people use?
3)What are we now, present? choose one of following.
A) Homo erectus
B) Homo sapien
C) Southern apes
D) Homo habilas
ANSWERS
1)The main difference is that in the neolithic period people could control and expect the amount of food through agriculture. It means they no longer spend time searching for food, therefore not like the paleolithic people, they could stay in one stabled place to grow crops and raise animal. It made them possible to develop their culture and art.
2)By domesticating animals, people use their label to agriculture.Also, they could get useful things from animals, like animal wool and meat.There was no need to go out for hunting and gathering in the wild anymore becasue they could produce it.
3)There are several advantages of agricultural life.They do not need to go out gathering and also they could spend more time on doing other things.
And with their product surplus food of the year, they can trade with other clans of people. They can exchange with thing that they need. The disadvantages of the agricultural life is that is you settle in an area and farm many times, the land would be dry and not very eligible for farming anymore. When some natural disaster occur, it can destroy everything. For example, flood, every plants would be dead. So, they do not have much food left.
The test preparation notes
the early people and their generation
Australopithecus- Southern apes
These apes appeared about 4-5 million years ago. Used stone tools and stood with 2 legs. Their brain was about 1/3 size modern human brains. Yet it did not know how to use fire. They gathered vegetables, fruit and hunted animals to survive. They lived in groups. There were many groups and they fought over the territory. Lucy for example, a Australopithecus that once existed had a great conflict with the wild and other group of southern apes. They gave birth to babies. The Australopithecus also had fur. They developed fur because they had to survive in the coldness when it is cold.they were closer to apes that time.
Homo Habilis- handy man
This kind of human was generated about 2.4 million years ago. They were called 'handy man' because they were wiser than a ape and knew new things. But also they were not as developed as modern humans. Their brain is about half the size of modern humans. They knew how to use stone tools properly. They used stone for scrapping, chopping and hunting usually. Yet they did not know how to use fire. They had fur, but not as much as the Australopithecus. They have less because they started building shelters that are warmer, so they were not many use of fur as Australopithecus because they did not have a warm shelter.
Homo erectus- upright man
This kind of humans could stand up straight and were very clever too. They used the stone tools perfectly fine. They started making them sharp to make it more better to hunt. They made things like hand ax. They also learned how to control fire. They how to use fire. They used it when it is cold and to cook foods. This kind of people appeared in Africa about 1.5-2 million years ago. They were smarter and clever than the Homo habilis because their brains were bigger than them. It is about the same, but smaller then the modern people. They moved out of Africa nas moved into other continents like Asia and Europe.
Homo Sapien-wise man
These people are people like you and me, now. They completely know the use of fire and can do other things. They did things like making languages. They developed it so that we can communicate with each other and express our feeling. Now we use different tools. Instead of stone, we use things like metal which are better tools than stones. Homo sapiens existed 200,000 years ago. we migrated around the world and spread ourselves out to the territory. Also we do not have any furs but a hair because we stay cozy in our homes.
Changes in life
Food Supply- Something that humans eat
Sheep are wild and they use to have horns for protection. Now most of them don't because people stay in one place and capture animals on one place. Instead they have wools which gives benefit to humans. Humans did not hunt much anymore. They produced animals and do not need to hunt. Also agriculture, people started to produce food and not go gathering much.
Occupations- Somethings that humans do in activity
When they were gather-hunter, they did not have much free time to do something else. Later when they started agriculture and capturing animals, they did not need to go out hunting and gathering. So, they had time to develop arts and tools. They started making potteries and other things for decoration and uses.
Population/settlement- When humans settled in groups
Because humans now did agriculture and captured animals, they did not need to follow them and move around. They settled in more groups with more people. They can make your houses more safe. They also decorated their houses with many things that are useful.
Resources- Something that people made to make for decoration
Humans made things for their own decorations. In the paleolithic era, necklaces were made with animal claws and teeth. Later on in the neolithic era the necklaces were more varied and obviously it was better. This things can decorate yourself. Or in the older days, it might be an object that was believed to keep evil spirits away.
Shelter- Somewhere humans lived
Long ago in the paleolithic era people just simple built a tent and called it a shelter. They did not have time to so it better because there were so much things to do to survive. When in the neolithic period when people discovered the agriculture, they had time to decorate your house. They made it stronger because they were going to live in it permanently. They put thing they needed in their shelter.
Technology- Tools that humans used
The tools that humans used in this period is stone. They made it sharper and hunted with it. First, they had rocks that was not that sharp to give much damage to the animals. Later on they got the way to sharpen it more sharper to give more influence.
Vocabulary
Paleolithic Era- Old stone age. There were not many thing that was developed in this era. People were still hunter-gathers. They used stone tools in this period.
Neolithic Era- New stone age. There were many changes in life and they started to agriculture and capture animals in that place.
Food Supply- The things that humans ate. Like animals and plants.
Occupation- The things that humans made. Like pottery. They were able to develop this in their leisure time when they had time because they discovered the agriculture and capturing animals.
Population/Settlement- When people lived in groups. There were group of people and formed a community.
Resources- Thing that people made to decorate themselves or other reasons that it protects them from evil spirits.
Shelter- The place that humans lived. They developed their houses in the Neolithic era.
Technology- Tools that humans use for certain things. Like stone tools that they used for hunting.
Agriculture- Thing that humans did in the neolithic era. When they planted seeds and got plants every year.
Domestication- When humans captured animals on a land to eat them whenever they want to. Animals change because of this. For example, sheep. Their horns were gone because they are no longer in the wild.
Assignment 8
Use these two videos about Catal Huyuk to answer these questions clearly and completely on your wiki page.- Catal Huyuk video 1
- Catal Huyuk video 2
1. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk that surprised you? Why did they surprise you?2. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk you knew already from class?
3. Jookie is a 12 year old living in Catal Huyuk. Explain three ways her life is different than yours. (Note: Simply saying you have cell phones and she doesn't is an unacceptable answer.)
Assignment 8 answers
1)Some things that surprised me about the daily life Catal huyuk were that they had places like house of dead where they keep the sculls of the ancestor instead of the whole body. This surprised me because nowadays we do not do this. People think cutting someone's even it is a corpse's head is an disgusting thing. An another thing I thought that was very surprising to me was curing people. When the women in the video got bitten by a snake, Uookie knew how to cure her. It was a quite interesting thing that they could cure someone perfectly with other things when medication was not developed. Lastly, I also thought the surgery was amazing. Using a stone to cut a someone head open is a very dangerous thing to do. However simply with a stone they did the surgery successfully. This was amazing because medication wasn't very developed this time. Maybe, medication was very developed in those days too.
2)Some things I already knew about the video are that the people lived in groups. Their population grew larger and larger. Second thing is that the people in Catal huyuk are Hunter gathers. Uooki discovers the discovery of agriculture later on. This the reason why the population started to grow wider and wider. THis also caused the settlement of people.Third thing I knew was that the people discover the agriculture. A man named Uookie did not discover it and he did not discovered by touching the soil he peed on and thinking that 'this soil is good~'.
3)If a girl named Jookie lived in catal huyuk, some differences that I and her have is that her community. The size of her community is different in size. Community that I live in is more bigger that catal huyuk. Also the tools the men of the community use are stone tools usually. However now we use guns and knives. Comparing knife and stone, knifes are way sharper than a stone. Third, trading things. in her community, they trade things material to material. However, nowadays we use money most of the times.(sometimes we trade by material to material)We buy material from them.
Assignment 9
Now that we are finished with the Early Humans unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about Early Humans. Please complete these sentences clearly and with specific details. Write the answers on your wiki page.1. The single most important thing I learned was...
2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was...
3. What surprised me the most was ...
4. I would like to know more about...
5. The part that I think I will always remember was...
Assignment 9 answers
1) The single most important thing that I had learned was when humans learned how to domesticate and farm. I was very amazed by how their life changed in that time.
2)something that confused me or that I didn't understand was the occupations in the chart. I did not understand what they were doing.
3)What surprised me the most was when they people in catal huyuk just started to cut a person head open. I was also amazed that they can do this things in the past when the medical was not developed much.
4)I would like to know more about the humans generations. I want to know about what thy did. Homo habilas, not just the basic information, information like what their houses were like .
5)The part that I think I will always remember was when we did a project on human creation.
MESOPOTAMIA
Assignment 2-1
Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page. Use the links above from the Class Activity 2-1 to help you answer the questions.
Event A: Food Shortage
1. What helped the human population to grow in Mesopotamia?
2. What does cultivate mean?
3. By 5000 B.C.E. what major problem did the farmers in the Zagros hills have?
4. Using the choices in the critical thinking section of the activity, what is the best way to deal with the food shortage? Why?
Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply
1. What two major problems did farmers have as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river plains?
2. How did they solve these problems?
3. Where did the melted snow that caused flooding come from?
Assignment 2-1 answers
Event A
1) The great amount of crops made them a bigger in settlement because when more crops there are more people that can eat them.
2) Cultivate means to "prepare and use". (from Cambridge online dictionary.
3) The main problem that people in Zagros was having problems of not having enough land for farming and for settlement of people.
4) I think the best way to deal with food shortage is to move to rivers where would be fertile land. We can use mud piles to prevent flood.
Event B
1) The soil was hard as metal and sometimes there were too much water during the flood season.
2) They used canals (irrigation system) to control the water(not too much and not too less).
3) The melted snow came from the mountains when it melted it ran down.
Assignment 2-2
Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page. Use the links above from the In Class Activity 2-1 called Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System & Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities to help you answer the questions.
Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System
1. What was the first simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers?
2. How did farmers prevent flooding?
3. Over time, carrying buckets of water to the fields was too difficult. Please clearly explain how levees, canals, dams, and reservoirs were used to make life easier for farmers?
4. Which word means an extra supply of something such as food?
5. What could happen if one canal was clogged?
6. How did different villages take care of the complex irrigation system?
Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities
1. How did Mesopotamian villages help each other?
2. How were people, who lived very far apart, connected to each other?
3. What did many villages grow into?
4. What do we call the region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns? What are the people called that come from this region?
5. How could one city stop the water from reaching another city?
6. Why was it easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains?
7. What defense plan is best to protect a city?
Assignment 2-2 answers
Event C
1)The simple methods that the farmers used in Mesopotamia was to get water with a bucket and carry it every time. They would have to do this about 1000 times a day then. P.S this was the dumbest idea I've ever heard of.
2) To prevent the flooding, farmers dug a hole which was called levees.
3) Levees was use to prevent flooding and it was also used to irrigate water to the farmland during the drought. Canals are man made water ways to control the direction of the water. Dams and reservoirs are use to block and store water along various parts of the river.
4)The extra amount of food is called surplus.
5)If one single canal was clogged, the entire irrigation system become destroyed. So to prevent this, they had to clean regularly to get rid of slit.
6) They clean the slit off the canal regularly since this is very importance because it can destroy the whole irrigation system.
Event D
1) Mesopotamian villages were helping each others on canals and maybe by helping them during war or not attacked.
2) Villages from long away were able t contact with people because of the canals and the irrigation system.
3) The villages became a larger settlement of people. They grew into larger cities.
4) The name for industrial cities and towns are called Sumer(one of the most smart humans on Earth.
5) Make a canal that is a contribution so less water would go to the other city.
6)It was easy because they had canals that connected to villages to village and they can track them with it.(not sure^^hehe)
7) Making walls (two or three guards between them.Wall one- surrounding the palace, wall two- houses and home of citizens, wall three- the fields and farming land, wall 4- surrounding everything, between there is about 200 meters of space, where patrols and soldiers sleep and work.
Assignment 2-3
Please read pages 56-59 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.1. How did the Fertile Crescent get its name?
2. What was the most important factor in making Mesopotamia's farmland fertile?
3. In what ways did a Division of Labor contribute to the growth of Mesopotamian civilization?
4. How might running large projects like the maintaining a large and complex irrigation system prepare people for running a government?
Assignment 2-3 answers
1)The fertile crescent got it's name because it's land looks like a crescent (not really^^) ans it is very fertile, between two rivers.
2) The most important factor in Mesopotamia is the silt produced in the place. Silt is a mixture of rocks and soil.
3)The division of labor grew in Mesopotamian civilization because people classified into parts and obs that they have to complete.
4)Running projects can prepared people for a government they need to think how to do this project wisely and discuss with each other. The discussion and the thinking may be the preparation.
Assignment 2-4
Using The Six Characteristics of a Civilization (see below), answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
1. Is Korea/ the U.S. a civilization according to the six characteristics explained in class? Provide one example from Korea/the U.S. for each characteristic.2. Does a civilization, in your opinion, need to have all of the characteristics mentioned? Why or why not?
The Six Characteristics of a Civilization:
1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society.
2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change.
3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs.
4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others.
5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing.
6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples.
Assignment 2-4 answers
1)Yes, it has all the characteristic. First it has an organized government. Second there is a good supply and the products do not change suddenly in the market. Third, there are people doing a specific job. Forth, There are different levels, for example in a school like a director and a principle which is one lower than the director. There are construction of buildings and there are religious system like Christianity.
2) Yes because this is an well organized nation and this is the way most countries are. However you do no need all of these. There are some nation that doesn't have all things like North Korea.
Assignment 2-5
Use your online textbook pages 63 & 64 to answer these questions clearly and with details on your wiki page. Make sure to look through the whole page in your textbook and the links for the vocabulary when answering some of the questions.Assignment 2-5
1) They Akkadians lived in the North of Sumer.
2) Ur and Uruk (individual city/king states) fought over Sumer cities.
3) Sargon was floated in the river and raised like a own child. Later he becomes the emperor.
4) Lead the army and defeated over many Sumerian cities.
5)Empire- COUNTRIES a group of countries that is ruled by one person or government (directly from crambridge learner's dictionary.)
6) He lead the first army that used bow and arrow and won over many Sumerian cities.
7) He ruled him army for 50 years and lived from 2334–2279 BC.
8) It fell apart after Sargon's death. However Ur and Sumer rebuilt it's strength.
9) After, the Sumers became the most powerful again.
10) It had a canal flowing through and a good protection system and the palace towards the middle.
Assignment 2-6
After playing the Trader's Circuit, answer the following questions in complete sentences on your page. You can copy and paste these questions into your page. Then go to the discussion tabs of at least three other classmates and make good quality middle school comments about your classmates answers to the questions about the Trader's Circuit game. You can make comments to your classmates like if you agree or disagree or comments about how good their answers and ideas are.Trader's Circuit questions
1. What part of the game did you like the best? Why?
2. During the game, how did you feel and why did you feel that way?
3. What part of the game was difficult for you?
4. In your opinion, what advantage is there to having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry?
5. What part of the game would you change if you played it again? Why?
6. In this game, was it better to cooperate with another player or to be selfish and try to get all the products/resources for yourself? Why?
Assignment 2-6 answers
1) The thing I liked the best was that we need to get the monopoly and we needed to trade with others.
2) I felt eager to make and monopoly and trade well.
3) The part when we needed to trade and others did not have it.
4) Jewelery is very valuable and worthy but I would have date because we can also make money from suger in the dates.
5) I think we can change the part to trading with money or a certain object that we can use to by and sell things. I would be easier.
6) A metal seller can buy all the metal from others metals can make yourself the only one with metals.
Assignment 2-7
Source: Read pages 74 and 75 in your online textbookDirections: Read the questions/directions carefully and write clear and detailed answers on your wiki page.
1. Read the "If you were there..." section on page 74. How will you advise the King?
2. What happened to Ur by 2000 BCE?
3. Where was Babylon located?
4. Who became the king of Babylon? When did he become king?
5. What is a monarch?
6. After conquering all of Mesopotamia, what did Hammurabi call his empire?
7. Hammurabi was a great warrior and leader. What other skills did he have?
8. What is Hammurabi's Code? What areas of daily life did the code cover?
9. Give two reasons why Hammurabi's Code was important.
10. What eventually happened to the Babylonian Empire? How is this similar to what happened to the Akkadian Empire?
11. Read the different laws in the Code of Hammurabi on this site and choose three that you think are interesting. Copy the three laws and their numbers onto your page. Then for each law, explain why you think it's interesting. You can write about if you disagree or agree with the law or if you think the law is a good law or a cruel law.
Assignment 2-7 answers
1. If i was the adviser of the king I will advise him to treat everyone equally when they break the law, whether they are rich or poor or royal or not royal.
2. Ur rose to glory after Sargon, great ruler's death. But they were attacked soon and lay ruined. Their power was gone and they were feeble.
3. Babylon is located located on the Euphrates River near what is today Baghdad, Iraq.
4. In 1792, Hammurabi became the king of Babylon.
5. Monarch- a ruler of a kingdom or a empire.
6. He called it Babylonian Empire after his first name.
7. He was also a good army leader and the person that could rule the whole Mesopotamia. He looked out to buildings and irrigation system and also he looked out to the tax system.
8. Hammurabi code is the 282 laws that Hammurabi made. It covered almost every part of the daily life.
9. The Hamurabi's law is important because it was thorough, but also because it was written down for all to see. It covered almost all the daily life of a person and made an organized and helpful government.
10. Babylon empire lost power after Hamurabi's death. Like Akkad, their power declined after Sargon's death.
11.
6. If any one steal the property of a temple or of the court, he shall be put to death, and also the one who receives the stolen thing from him shall be put to death.
I chose this code because I was impressed how well developed their law in that days. It means that they cared for the public property. Also I learned that they thought the temples and religion was a very significant to them. However I disagree because I think just that they flinched something whoever they stole from, I think it is too cruel to cut their necks. I think they should be put to jail for their life if they stole it from the temple. It would be about 10 years when it was a normal person.15. If any one take a male or female slave of the court, or a male or female slave of a freed man, outside the city gates, he shall be put to death.
I think this was a bit funny and harsh.The slave actually might have the person to take them out of the city and the person would be innocent. Also if a person took them out on there own, I think killing him or her would be a bit of a nonsense. I think it would be enough to take half of their fortune away.25. If fire break out in a house, and some one who comes to put it out cast his eye upon the property of the owner of the house, and take the property of the master of the house, he shall be thrown into that self-same fire.
Wow, killing a person by throwing at the fire. A very unique way to kill a person. I thought of it again and maybe a slave was trying to get the important thing for his master and then suddenly they throw him at the fire. He would feel unfair. I think we should see what he does to the end before we just starting throwing people at the fire.13. (There is no 13th Law because, then as now, the number 13 was considered to be an unlucky and evil number.
Weird~~ What does unlucky 13 relevant with law??? Weird~~ everything here is all being killed and what is worse than that? Laws should be reasonable.Assignment 2-8
Source: Read pages 76 and 77 in your online textbookDirections: Review Pages 76-77 and choose one of the groups below. Research the group you have chosen (two links are provided for each already) and complete The Characteristics of Civilization Chart for the civilization you have chosen. Write clear and detailed answers in the chart, on your wiki page.
Characteristics of Civilization
Civilization Name: Assyrians
Six Characteristics of Civilization
Evidence for Characteristic
Explanation
1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of society.
2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change.
3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs.
4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others.
5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing.
6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples.
It didn't say much, but it had a Phrantasis in the first link page below Assyrians it said being more careful to the ancient gods, do I think there might also had an religious system.
Not really for me because it was all there in one organized text. But there were some parts that I couldn't find directly and had some problems with.If it was for a archeologist who was trying to find the characteristics would be difficult because there are no evidence in land if the Assyrians were winning a lot of wars. I think it was all written down as a history in the language they used, which is not so easy to figure out.
Assignment 3-1
Sources:
Directions:
1. Represent and label the Nile’s Sixth Cataract to the First Cataract.
2. Label the Red Sea.
3. Represent three mines and three quarries. Provide an image and a description for each mine and quarry.
4. Represent and label these historic sites: the Valley of the Kings, the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Sphinx, Abu Simbel, the Pharos (lighthouse in the port of Alexandria), the Bahriya Oasis and the Farafra oasis (include palm trees). Provide an image and a description for each historic site.
5. Mark these cities: Abydos, Thebes, Giza, Hermopolis, Memphis, Bubastis, Rosetta, Alexandria, Meroe, Khartoum, and Elephantine
6. Label these geographical features: the Western Desert, the Eastern Desert, the Nile Delta (include animals found here), the Sinai Peninsula, the Wadi el-Natrun, the Mediterranean Sea, the Gulf of Suez, the Nubian Desert. Include animals of the desert. Provide an image and a description for each geographical feature
7. Label Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt.
Assignment 3-2
Source: Pages 93 & 94 in your online textbook and refer to your river boat tour notesDirections: Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
1. Read the If YOU were there section. How do you feel about working for the pharaoh?
2. Eventually the Third Dynasty began in ancient Egypt. The Third Dynasty was the beginning of what historians call ............. . When did it start and end?
3. Explain how ancient Egyptians felt about their country and their pharaoh.
4. What were the responsibilities of the pharaoh?
5. What is best known about the famous pharaoh, Khufu? Can you name a specific monument built for him?
6.a Clearly explain the structure of society in the Old Kingdom. (Note: This should be a long answer.)
6.b. What may be some advantages and disadvantages of such a large segment of the population being farmers, servants, and slaves?
6.c. What did farmers do during flood season?
7. Clearly explain trading in ancient Egypt (what was traded and who they traded with).
8. Define the word acquire. Use acquire in an original sentence.
9. Using the drawing of Egyptian society on page 94, explain where Viziers would be placed?
Assignment 3-2 answers
1) It think I would be uncomfortable because if the pharaoh doesn't like it I don't don't know what he will do because he can do anything.
2)The people called it the OLD KINGDOM and it begin in 2700 BCE to 2200 BCE.
3) The people thought the Pharaoh was the most important person in the world and They thought he was the walking god, the god that lived on Earth.
4) He need to make everything perfect and prevent disasters because the people blamed the pharaoh when the crops died or people die.
5) He was famous for building pyramid of Giza. It was huge and the biggest of the THREE.
6)
A) The old kingdom lasted for about 500 years and the pharaoh were the god on Earth and someone and one that need to believe. So pharaoh was the highest person and the priests who take care of the temples were second and the business and craftsman were the third and the lowest were the slaves, farmers and servants.Pharaoh's jobs was to keep everything right and the priest were to clean and serve the gods. The craftsman and merchants were to sell things and get money. The slave and servant work for the master for their whole year and they were treated as animals.
B) The world would be unbalanced because there would be no one taking care of the world and earning money.
C)During the flood season and worked for the Pharaoh because they could work out on the fields.
7) There were trades in Egypt. There were trades between neighbor and there were traders that travel along the Nile to the south to trade. They traded metals like gold, ivory, copper... and other goods.
8) To acquire is to get somethings. So you try to acquire goods from a trade.
-I traded 10 pencil trying to acquire the pretty Eraser that someone else had.
9) Ther Viziers are placed in the Noble section were the priests belong
Assignment 3-3
Source: How to Mummify NefermaatDirections: Go to the link above to mummify a body. As you work to mummify the body, answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
Assignment 3-3 Answers
1)They preserved the dead bodies because they believe will resuscitate in his afterlife.
2) They took out the brain and kept important organ in a separate bottle. This process is mummifying.
3) They have this love stick with a hook that goes through the corpse noes and into their brain.
4) The four organs were liver, stomach, lungs and the intestines.
5) The hearth was kept in the body to be used right away in the afterlife.
6)The natron is used to to adsorb the moisture inside the mummy. It is a kind of salt.
7) The Linen is a cloth. They used it to stuff it inside the mummy because it looks too plump.It was also used to cover the mummy around.
8) There are four amulets and they are things that were used by the pharaoh or it was a tradition to put four things in.
9) It was put inside the case and put in chamber. It was believed that it will revive for it's after life.
Assignment 3-4
Part 1: Go to this site and read about the different Egyptian gods and goddesses. Choose one of these that you would like to be and explain why you would like to be that god or goddess. Then choose one that you would not want to be and explain why. Make sure your explanations are middle school quality explanations.Part 2: Compare these Egyptian gods and goddesses with the Mesopotamian gods and goddesses. Did you find similar gods? Name the gods/goddesses and clearly explain the similarities? Why do you think they are similar even though Egypt and the Mesopotamian civilizations were different?
3-4 answers
Part 1: I want to be Aten because he was the only god remaing when the pharaoh, Akhenaten ruled. It is always be existing every time. I also found this god amusing because it is not the sun god and it is the symbol or the drawing of the sun god. The sun god is RA and since there were a god for just it's drawing, I suppose the Sun was extremely essential to the Egyptians.
Part 2: I think Egyptian gods are different to Mesopotamian gods because Mesopotamian gods haves gods representing a thing that you can touch and feel mostly like Adad the god of the storms. The are some gods like this form Egypt but not many. Their are animals gods in mesoptamia and Egypt have gods that rule and a like to an animal but there are no gods like Anzu a owl in Egypt.
Assignment 3-5
Read the information here about the three kingdoms in ancient Egypt. The problem with these three paragraphs is that each paragraph does not have specific details or evidence. Your task is to find specific details and evidence from our textbook for the information presented in each paragraph about each kingdom. Then re-write the paragraph adding the new specific details and evidence you found. Write the new paragraph on your wiki page. Grade each paragraph for quality:4=outstanding work, detailed, correct and above the call of duty
3=very good work, completes assignment, is above average
2=completes assignment correctly, average work
1=does not complete assignment, needs work
0=does not follow directions, assignment missing
Part 1
The Old Kingdom (2700 BCE - 2200 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 98-100 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
Part 2
The Middle Kingdom (2100 BCE - 1800 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-102 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
Part 3
The New Kingdom (1500 BCE - 1000 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-103 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
- the causes of the growth of trade
- what life was like in an empire
- wars or battles (invasions) and who was involved
noneOptional: comment for page history
[[Assignments-3#|Looking for tags?]]
Part one: The Old Kingdom
Grading the paragraph- I would give it a 3 because it contains too little information but I think it is worth a three even though it lacks information because its information is clear and useful. It is strong because it contains the main things that is necessary for the writing. Also I was able to learn from the some interesting facts like the name of the time period, The pyramid Age.
New Paragraph- This was the special time period that existed from2700 BC to 2200 BC. These are when the pyramids were considered extremely important and essential. I was considered massive because this was where their ruler will be buried. The Pharaoh's tomb was a pyramid with 4 triangle shaped sides, the one that is most familiar to everyone when they think of the pyramids. And the first ones to built these massive buildings were built in the old kingdom. It began in the old kingdom from 2700 BC. One of the biggest pyramid, Pyramid of Giza was built during this time period. The pyramids were constructed with huge blocks of lime stone pulled and made my humans. They worked on this construction for about 25 years and it took this much time with 100,000 workers. This was to represent that the pharaoh was safe after dead a preparation of their afterlife. But these massive pyramid was easily spotted and robbed by tomb robbers.
Part two: The Middle Kingdom
Grading paragraph- I would this paragraph a four because it included all the information and I was able to understand the statement perfectly. I was able to learn a lot because it had various information on the pharaoh,art,army,organizations...
New paragraph- The Middle Kingdom or the Golden age starts from 2100 BC to 1800 BC and it differed a lot from the Old kingdom. In the old kingdom, the tombs were robbed easily by stolen and the artifacts were taken away. To prevent this people made hidden and secret chambers so that the robbers cannot reach to the chamber. Also in the Middle kingdom, Pharaoh's power declined unlike Old kingdom when the Pharaoh had the power. But about in 2050 BC the pharaoh's gained power again. In the middle kingdom, Hyksos invaded Egypt and conquered the lower Egypt.However Thebes drove them out and was able to rule Egypt once again. There were a lot of changes and improvement on many things like art, army organization, trade. People traded a lot things from town to town. Also art and culture improved ad their were more organized army system and other system of law.
Part Three: The New Kingdom
Grading the paragraph- I would give it a 2 because I think it lacks information and this time it did not have any details!!! I think I was able to understand better when there was more details and facts...
New Paragraph- The new kingdom starts from 1500 BC to 1000 BC. It was when Egypt was full of energy and power. It's army was strong and widened the territory in every directions. It took over Hyksos and later invaded Syria. One person that fought was Ramses the Great who had fought the Hittes fro years. Also it developed in trade and exchange system. The path way of traders developed and one more reason that trade was more developed because there were more useful mineral and resources in the new land that they taken. Their empire was great because trade and their land expanded.
Assignment 3-5
Read the information here about the three kingdoms in ancient Egypt. The problem with these three paragraphs is that each paragraph does not have specific details or evidence. Your task is to find specific details and evidence from our textbook for the information presented in each paragraph about each kingdom. Then re-write the paragraph adding the new specific details and evidence you found. Write the new paragraph on your wiki page. Grade each paragraph for quality:4=outstanding work, detailed, correct and above the call of duty
3=very good work, completes assignment, is above average
2=completes assignment correctly, average work
1=does not complete assignment, needs work
0=does not follow directions, assignment missing
Part 1
The Old Kingdom (2700 BCE - 2200 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 98-100 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
Part 2
The Middle Kingdom (2100 BCE - 1800 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-102 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
Part 3
The New Kingdom (1500 BCE - 1000 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-103 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
Assignment 3-6
Due Dates:
A Block- Tuesday Feb. 23
B Block- Monday Feb. 22
F Block- Tuesday Feb. 23
Task: You are to research your assigned topic from Egyptian history and create a video presentation using iMovie or Keynote. The video presentation should be 3-4 minutes and include the following required elements:
Helpful Hints
Assignment 3-7
Ancient Egypt Topic Peer AssessmentGo to our YouTube Channel and login using the username and password given in class.
You will assess your classmates' videos using the rubric for the ancient Egypt project and by answering the questions below. Each answer must be at least two sentences long.
Post your assessment in the comments section under each classmate's video. Please make sure you include your first name only or your comment will be deleted.
You must comment on four classmates' videos:
- classmate above your name
- classmate below your name
- two other classmates of your choice
(Note: YouTube has a 500 word limit on comments. You might have to divide your assessment comments into two posts.)1. How did your classmate make the video interesting and creative?
I loved how they put movies in and I thought it was great that most of all of the students put movies in. And also I loved how they put in story about the topic they have gone through.
2. Was it easy to understand your classmates presentation including his/her voice? Why or why not?
I thought some of the podcast very clear and audible. But I think for some the music was too loud that it actually covered the voice they have recorded. I was sad that I couldn't hear some of the information they have written.
3. Clearly explain two things you learned from your classmate's video.
I have learned about the actual topic the students did. I got a lot of information through the video/keynote. And also I learned soe idea for being creative. I know this is totally off topic but I have learned a lot about being creative looking at others' creative work. I think I could have inproved my project by making it more creative.
4. How could your classmate improve his/her video?
I think the classmates can improve his video because some video's music is too loud so I couldn't listen to their voice. I think I could have learned more information. Also I think it could have been better for others
Assignment 3-8
Now that we are finished with the ancient Egypt unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about ancient Egypt. Please complete these sentences clearly and with specific details. Write the answers on your wiki page. If you need reminders of what we did, just scroll through the assignments on this page or look through your notes.1. The single most important thing I learned was...
2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was...
3. What surprised me the most was...
4. I would like to know more about...
5. The part that I think I will always remember was...
Assignment 3-8 answers
1) The thing I learned the about the Pharaoh and that the pharaoh is the most important person on Earth and considered the God on Earth. I think this was the most important thing because I got to know the importance to the ruler of Egypt and how much power they had.
2) Something that I did not understand is that the pharaoh had to be mummified in such a way that in some ways it was extremely disgusting. I did not get the part why they needed to do all this to mummify or satisfy them self of that theyx are going to be good at their afterlife.
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3) The thing that surprised me the most was that they went through 13 gates... I was surprised by the story. The story when the monster eat your hearth when it is heavier than the Hearth. I was surprised how all the Pharaoh had made it through without any problem.
4) I think I could have learned more about how the trading system in Egypt worked. I think that was the part when I struggled to understand. I think I could have known more about the transportation they used and where they met to trade some more.
5) The part that I always remember is the Mummification. We did a activity or a game on mummification and how disgusting it was!! I think I learn a lot from the game because it will probably stay in my head forever! I
Background
Mohenjo-Daro, which scholars believe means "hill of the dead," was an ancient Indian city located on the west bank of the Indus River in the Indus-Sarasvati region. The ruins of Mohenjo-Daro were discovered in 1922. The other Indus-Sarasvati city that was known of at that time was Harappa, discovered in 1826. Over time, thousands of ancient settlements have been discovered along the banks of the Indus River and the now-dried-up Sarasvati River. Most of these settlements are clustered around the Sarasvati River and include cities as large as Mohenjo-Daro, such as Ganweriwala, Kalibangan, and Rakhigarhi. The people of Mohenjo-Daro and the Indus-Sarasvati region belonged to what many scholars refer to as the Harappan civilization. This civilization was the late stage of a cultural tradition that dates back to at least 6500 B.C.E. The Harappan civilization included a variety of ethnic groups and flourished for 800 years, from approximately 2700 B.C.E. until 1900 B.C.E. Many archeologists and scholars focus on Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa when studying Harappan - or Indus-Sarasvati - civilization because they were the earliest discovered and thus most thoroughly excavated sites. Mohenjo-Daro was an extremely well-planned city that was similar in design to Harappa in the north. Both cities were approximately 3 miles in diameter, laid out in a gridlike formation, and were built primarily of burnt and unfired mud bricks. Like Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro was divided roughly into two areas: a fortress-type area, or citadel, to the west and a lower city to the east. The citadel was approximately 400 yards long and 200 yards wide, and it was built on a mud and brick platform that raised it 50 feet above the lower city. A wall surrounded the citadel and contained notches from which people could look out and defend the area. The lower city primarily consisted of houses. Archeologists have also discovered what they believe to be craft workshops in both parts of the city. Today, archeologists continue to excavate various areas of Mohenjo-Daro, and their finding help build our understanding of this great Indian civilization.
Day 1
For each geographic area of the classroom archeological site (A-H) on the map, locate the site, look at the placard and picture of each artifact(s) and answer the question printed on the placard by filling out the "My Ideas" section of the handout: Notes About Ancient Artifacts and Ruins. You should have this completed from your last class.
Day 2
Step 1: Use the following
Do not use more than 35 words in the "Archeologists' Ideas" box! This means you can not copy all of the text from the notes. You must summarize.
Step 2: Look at the picture of an artist's rendition of what Mohenjo-Daro might have looked like and answer the following Comprehension Questions on your wiki page (answers should be fully thought out and worthy of upper school).
1. What have you learned about daily life in Mohenjo-Daro from this activity?
2. Which aspects of daily life do you see represented in the picture that the artist drew?
3. In what ways do you think Mohenjo-Daro was like a modern city?
4. Why do you think it is difficult for us to know exactly what life was like in ancient civilizations like those in the Indus-Sarasvati region?
5. What do you think might have contributed to the decline of Mohenjo-Daro?
assignment day2 answers
1) Just by looking at their artifacts and building, I could imply that they were highly developed in technology. they had public wells and buildings of of similar structures. I could also imply that they had highly developed art were they had statues of human faces and they made necklaces with pieces of woods that is hard to make by hand. Also some people have pottery which I can see their developed art.
2) I could see in the drawing that people traveled by animals, but usually through chariots and wagons. Also could see people trading and selling and buying things like in the drawing people by cotton. Also by looking at the buildings, I could see that there was a highly developed construction or technology.
3) As I read I realized and was suprized how Mohenjo-daro was similar to the modern word we lived. I found out that Mohenjo-Daro had an under path waterway system which is in our society too. Also I was surprised that there were transportation was developed through chariots and animals. Also there was entertainment using pins and board which is popular now a days. There were brick like structures in different weight. I was surprised that they had the money and the economic system that we use to sell and buy good.
4) I think it was difficult for us to see because 5h3 picture doesn't the daily life of people or how people lived. The picture is vague to see about the rate of wealth of people
5) In the picture there are a crowd of people. I think over population in such a small area had declined Mohenjo-Daro. Too many people can cause less for everyone. since there is too many people the economy could have gotten worse and even maybe there is too many people for all of them to be equal.
Activity 4-1 Unlocking the Secrets of Mohenjo-Daro
Assignment 4-1
Source: IndiaSubcontinentMapTrans.jpg
Directions: Look at the map above, read the text below, and answer the following questions on your wiki page:
In the 1990's, satellite pictures revealed an ancient, dried riverbed located in India's present-day Thar Desert. Geologists have identified this riverbed as the route of the ancient Sarasvati River. The Sarasvati lay east of the Indus River and generally followed the same course, originating in the Himalaya mountains and emptying into the Arabian Sea. Geologists believe that the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E. Over time, the once fertile area around the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E. Over time, the once fertile area around the Sarasvati evolved into the dry, hot desert that exists today.
Early Indian agricultural settlements arose in the Indus-Sarasvati river region at least as far back as 6500 B.C.E. Like many other ancient peoples, the early Indians settled by rivers. They settled primarily on the banks of the Sarasvati River as well as along the banks of the Indus River. These rivers provided the ancient Indians with plenty of water, and the land near the rivers was fertile and excellent for growing crops. The rivers also provided the Indians with a convenient way to travel and trade among themselves and with other civilizations. Archeologists have found artifacts from the Indus-Sarasvati civilization - such as carved seals - in Mesopotamia's Sumer. These discoveries have led scholars to believe that the early Indians traded with Mesopotamia, possibly by traveling in ships down the Indus and Sarasvati rivers to the Arabian Sea and then west to Sumer and other locations.
After the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E., the Indus-Sarasvati Indians moved to more habitable areas, such as the fertile banks of the Ganga river further east. Archeological evidence shows, however, that people settled by the Ganga River as far back as 5000 B.C.E.
Questions:
1. In what ways is your map similar to the one that you see in the map above?
2. What physiographic features can you identify on this map that are not on your map?
3. Why do you think settlements developed along the Indus and Sarasvati rivers? Explain with clear and complete details.
4. Accurately draw and label the ancient Sarasvati River on your map.
5. Why did ancient Indian people eventually migrate to the Ganga River?
Assignment 4-1 answers
1) The ways that my map and the map above is similar is because it contains all the geographic features that I have included in my map and it was labeled like the way mine was. It was colored and it had pictures (EX mountains) so that it was clear what geographic structure it was.
2) There was an extra river called Sarasvati river that was not in my map. And also there were pictures of mountains and color blue for rivers... that was not on my map, but which I could have included.
3) First it is between river which tells me that there is good, fertile ,wet soil. So there would have had abundant food supply. Second, it also has a flowing river that can cause trade with neighbor countries.
4)ummmmm. ok!
5) Ganga River is a great place for farming because of the Delta. Also since it had more con tributaries, It was better to trade with others since there were more locations that you can visit.
Assignment 4-2
Website: Indus Valley
Use the website above to answer these questions. Write your answers in complete sentences with clear details on your wiki page.
1. What was discovered during the excavations of Mohenjo-Daro?
2. How is Mohenjo-Daro similar to our cities today?
3. What can we learn from archaeological discoveries (such as artifacts and city construction) in Mohenjo-Daro?
4. Give clear and specific information about how people lived in Mohenjo-Daro. In your answer, you have to talk about the artifacts that you discovered and put into the museum.
5. What do we know about the Priest-King?
6. What was the Great Bath and how was it used?
Assignment 4-2 answers
1) we found a sculpture of people and we found a necklace for decoration, a tablet with picture, symbol of a animal or an object, a model cart, bricks for housing, a metal plate.
2) Mohen jo Daro had many complex system of class and they also had the under ground waterway system!!
3) I can learn there were a lots of development in Mohenjo Daro like art, they made models, scultures, decoration and artworks on tablets. Also I could learn that there were developed in language and writing seeing at the tablets with symabol and writing.
4) By looking at their artwork and the decorations, I think people lived with fashion because they used decoration like necklaces to decorate themselves.
5) The Priest king is the person who is a representative of a group total religious people and in this case, he follows everything about Hindu.
6) I think the great bath was used for a religious purpose. They washed away their guilt and started fresh as a new life.
Assignment 4-3
Source:
Think about the activity we did in class as archeologists in Mohenjo-Daro. Using the source above, your ideas, and the notes you took about archeologists ideas, answer the following questions clearly and completely on your wiki page. Each answer should be at least two sentences long with specific information.
1. What have you learned about daily life in Mohenjo-Daro from this activity?
2. Which characteristics of civilization do you see represented in the artifacts you looked at? Explain.
3. In what ways do you think Mohenjo-Daro was like a modern city?
4. Why do you think it is difficult for us to know exactly what life was like in ancient civilizations like those in the Indus-Sarasvati region?
5. What do you think might have contributed to the decline of Mohenjo-Daro?
Assignment 4-3 answers
1) I think their life was very fashioned and well organized. I think it may have been the most comfortable city from ancient times. They had necklaces to decorate themselves, they had sculptures that I could inspect that there were high art. Also it would be labor for them because they had the waterway system.
2) I could see there was a highly developed art, science, technology by looking at the water system, handmade sculptures , necklaces, buildings from bricks... Also I could see specialization of labor because there was so much thing a man should learn to know all these things. I think there were specific job that people major.
3) There was something in Mohenjo Daro that is usually found in a very developed city now a days. They had the underwater system. This was high technology and organized thing and I found it surprising they had the developed technology to do this.
4) I think it is difficult to know because it there is not enough to make a solid decision about it. With the information given, it is always a theory.
5) I think some other neighbor country had put Mohenjo Daro to an end. They had invaded Mohenjo daro and had taken over with war.
Assignment 4-4
Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
1. What varna were you in during the caste system simulation?
2. What was your favorite part about the caste system simulation? Why?
3. What part of the simulation made you angry, upset, or frustrated? Why?
4. Do you think this system is fair? Why or why not?
5. Do you think a society should organize people into social classes? Why or Why not?
Assignment 4-4 Answers
1) I was the Vishuas, the craftsman and the traders and farmers that sell things.
2)The favorite part of the caste system is when the Brahims told us to do everything. I think it was a fun experience to be command and to follow.
3) I needed to do everything as the Bhramin say. I was frustrated that when we were punished and were forced to do 15 push-ups.
4)I think this is system would be fair if only "Hinduism" and "re carnation" and "Karma" exists. If you are born again and born in higher class when your Karma is filled.
5) The society shouldn't organized people into social classes because it is unfair and the people way down at the below are treated un like human. I am sad that even though you try so hard, you cannot be a better person off the limit of your social level.
Assignment 4-5
Website: India-Government
Use the website above and what you have learned in class so far to answer these questions about the early Indus River Governments.
1. Why would having a central government help in planning and organizing a city?
2. Who were Rajahs?
3. What is a Guru?
4. What subjects were taught in school?
5. Who was in charge of the government?
6. Why did people look up to the priests?
Assignment 4-5 answers
1) It sort of like a place where it makes all the decisions to all citizens.
2) Rajahs are the rulers and the one in charge of a town or a city.
3) Guru are a type of a trainer or a teacher that stay with their student from age of 5 through 8.
4) Religions were taught in school and the religion is a huge part of the government.
5) The rajahs and the priests are in charge of the government.
6) The priests are the ones who make offering to gods, so people look up to them.
Ramayana Poem
Assignment 4-6
After completing your Understanding How Ashoka's Edicts Helped Unify India sheet answer the following comprehension questions:
1. What are the main ideas expressed in Ashoka's edicts?
2. What are some of the ways in which Ashoka's leadership promoted unity in India?
3. In what ways did Ashoka's Buddhist beliefs contribute to the unification of India?
4. In addition to the edicts, what else might have contributed to the unification of India during this time period?
5. Explain how one of the edicts you examined could be catagorized another way
(i.e. instead of Buddhist Values it could also concern Justice)
Assignment 4-6 answers
1) The Main Ideas that is expressed in Asoka's Edicts are General Walfare, Buddhist Value, Security and justice.
2) Asoka's leadership was promoted because he made the general welfare for the goods of the people and the animals. Asoka made security by medical servies, Justice by checking if everyone is fair and judged equally. He also taught Buddhist value through his edicts. Since his edicts were for everyone and taught a lesson, it promoted his leadership.
3) The Asoka contributed unification of india by gathering people in believing in a specific idea, religion, belief from his edicts. He also gather some forcing in his early king years and attacked other kingdoms to make them his land.
4) He also unificated, belief and ideas and classes. He used his edicts to persade others into believing them into an idea.
5) I think the edicts can be categorized in as, Hounor for the things special treats or things that you are received when achieved something. Responsibility, things that you need to finish. Politics for government and law. Care for love and your safety.
Assignment 4-7
Source: Online Textbook pages 162-171Directions: You are a sage and you will teach your classmates a part of ancient India's history. The four parts (groups) are...
Each part has (or might have) pictures, illustrations, maps, dates, vocabulary words, and important people. Your job as a sage is to become an expert on your part so you will be able to comfortably and confidently teach others. Remember that if you don't understand the information, you won't be able to teach others properly. Follow these steps to become a great sage:
Steps
The Assigment 4-7-- Gupta Empire
This is the First, Rough Draft of the project----
The Gupta empire final SIhak lee.key
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This is the Second Draft of the Project-----
Gupta Project second draft Sihak Lee.key
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This is the Third Draft of the Project-----
The Gupta empire final SIhak lee.key
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This is the Final Draft Of the Project-----
Gupta EmpireSIha Lee.key
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Assignment 6-3
Directions: Read the following information about the Minoans and the Mycenaeans and then answer the questions that follow in your notebook.The Origins of the Greeks
The Minoans:
Minoan culture developed on the island of Crete in approximately 3,000 B.C.E. Minoan palace murals (wall paintings) and painted pottery show us a great sea culture, fueled by fishing, farming, and local arts. The Minoans were master sailors and set up long-distance trade routes with Spain, Egypt, Canaan, and Asia Minor. Socially, the Minoans were an egalitarian (equal) culture, with both men and women holding respected positions in the fields of religion, agriculture, and craftwork. Recreation enjoyed by the Minoans included dancing to music and song, "bull-leaping" - and boxing, complete with boxing gloves and mouth guards. The remarkable peace-loving character of the Minoan civilization is obvious because they didn't have fortresses, war equipment, and painted battle scenes among the remains of their settlements. The Minoan civilization is historically important to Greece because it was the model for the Mycenaean (pronounced my-sih-NEE-in) civilization which is considered the earliest developed culture on mainland Greece.
The Mycenaeans:
Mycenae was settled in 2,700 B.C.E. Most of the myths about ancient Greek heroes and their famous battles come to us from the Mycenaeans. Later Greek poets such as Homer used these tales in their writings. The Mycenaeans spoke an early form of the Greek language, and developed an agricultural economy based on grains, grapes, and olives. Like the Minoans, they traded by sea with Egypt and Asia Minor. Unlike the Minoans, the Mycenaeans devoted most of their energies to developing a strong military. The circular royal tombs of Mycenae reveal collections of decorated uniforms, elaborate helmets, chariots, daggers, and axes. Horses were also extremely important to the Mycenaeans, as they were the vehicles of war. Mycenaean documents suggest that their society was hierarchical, with kings and soldiers in positions of power at the top of society, and prisoners of war who became slaves at the bottom of society who served the kings and soldiers. Other than artwork showing religious festivals and musical performances, very few artifacts of entertainment were left by the Mycenaeans.
1. What did the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations have in common?
2. In what ways were the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations different?
3. Why do you think so many aspects of Minoan civilization are found at Mycenae?
4. What other geographical areas, besides Mycenae, might Minoan civilization have influenced?
5. What aspects of Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations would you expect to have survived in later periods of Greek history?
6. Using your textbook pages 256-257, explain how the decline of the Minoans and the Mycenaeans was similar.
Assignments 6-3 Answers
1) They both farmed and they both were developed in boat making and going overseas to trade goods. Both of them were developed in paintings and arts too.
2) they lived in different parts of Greece. Minoans lived in Crete island and Mycenaean lived in mainland. MI was developed and known for good traders and boat makers. They were the best boat maker of the time. They did not spoke Greek so were not consider as Greece People. MY made a lot of fortresses to protect their Kingdom. They spoke Greek and was considered the first Greek.
3) Minoans were the models of what to do in the history of Greece. Maybe Mycenaean followed and copied many aspects from the Minoans in order to industrialize.
4)The Minoans lived in the island of Crete. This is an area when it is covered by water and needs boats and ships in order to travel far out. Minoans were influenced because you need a boat in order to travel far out. For Example poor people that cannot affords ships cannot go out on journeys. Mycenaean could have walked. Walking is always easier than swimming.^^
5) There were many things that could have lasted in later Greek industries even tough the Minoans and Mycenaean declined. Some could be advanced and strong army, developed art, good boats and trading systems and skilled farming tools and craft works.
6) Both of Minoans and Mycenaean's decline was from natural dizasters. When their people were suffereing from these natural dizasters, invaders came and attacked them.
Assignment 6-4
Do a search for three Minoan and three Mycenaean artifacts and draw them in your notebook. Check the information in wiki 2 for ideas about what to search for (Minoan bull leaping is interesting). Under each picture, write a one-sentence caption describing the artifact and what it tells us about each civilization.
Assignment 6-5
Athens Creates Democracy (p.264-265)
Democracy is a type of government in which people rule themselves instead of being ruled by one person like a King.
-500 BCE, Athenian leader Cleisthenes (KLYS-thuh-neez) develops world's first democracy in Athens
[[image:file/view/Cleisthenes.png/145923421/Cleisthenes.png width="342" height="483" caption="Cleisthenes.png"]]
-Cleisthenes set up the Assembly which was a large meeting of male citizens, sometimes about 6000 men. They met on a hill called a Pnyx (pah-NIKS).
-all citizens (except women, slaves, and foreigners) gathered in an Assembly. Slaves were sent out to force male citizens to go to the assembly
[[image:file/view/assembly.png/145923443/assembly.png width="758" height="267" caption="assembly.png"]]
-At the Assembly, they discussed, debated, and, finally, voted on important issues such as changing voting laws or how to fight the Persians who wanted to control Greece.
[[image:file/view/sacrifice.png/145923539/sacrifice.png caption="sacrifice.png"]]
-The assembly always started with a pig sacrifice to honor the gods.
Assembly Reflection
Write answers in your notebook.
1. During our Assembly, how did you feel as the debate and voting was happening?
2. How do you think other people felt during our discussion in our Assembly?
3. Why do you think so many people were excluded from an Assembly in Ancient Greece?
4. Give three benefits and three drawbacks of Athenian Democracy by making a table like this:
Athenian Democracy
Benefits (+)
Drawbacks (-)
Sources:
- Athens
- Corinth
- Sparta
Copy the following venn diagram in your notebook. Then, using all of the sources above, compare each polis by filling in the proper area in the venn diagram.